Research

Mixed

Macroscopic increases in muscle size (hypertrophy) do not necessarily reflect proportional increases in contractile (myofibrillar) protein; instead, they often result from sarcoplasmic expansion (fluid, glycogen, non-contractile proteins), leading to a dilution of myofibrillar protein concentration.

When you see muscle size increase, do not automatically assume it is all 'quality' contractile tissue. A significant portion of early or even chronic hypertrophy can be 'sarcoplasmic'—driven by fluid, glycogen, and non-contractile proteins. This means your strength-to-size ratio might not improve as much as your tape measure suggests. Focus on strength metrics and protein synthesis markers, not just visual size, to gauge true contractile adaptation.

GoodQualifiesHIGH confidence
there is ample evidence to suggest that myofibrillar protein concentration may be diluted through sarcoplasmic expansion as fCSA increases occur.
Cody T. Haun et al. · Frontiers in Physiology · 2019

Why this rating

The paper is a critical review citing multiple historical and contemporary studies showing dissociation between size and protein concentration.

Source

A Critical Evaluation of the Biological Construct Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy: Size Matters but So Does the Measurement

Cody T. Haun et al. · Frontiers in Physiology · 2019

DOI 10.3389/fphys.2019.00247

narrative_reviewCited 181×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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