Hormonal
Skeletal muscle-derived VEGF, induced by endurance exercise via PGC-1α, mediates training-induced capillarization, enhancing oxygen and substrate delivery to muscle tissue.
Endurance training triggers your muscles to release VEGF locally, which builds new capillaries to improve oxygen delivery. You don't need to monitor blood VEGF levels to know this is happening; it is a standard, autonomous response to the stress of endurance exercise. Consistent training volume is the key driver.
muscle cells can produce and secrete VEGF in response to electrostimulation... muscle fibers are thought to autonomously react to the stresses induced by exercise by secreting VEGF, which leads to enhanced capillarization following training and thereby facilitated energy substrate and oxygen supply as well as byproduct removal.
Why this rating
Strong mechanistic evidence from mouse models and human tissue analysis, though direct causal proof in humans is inferred from correlation and animal data.
Source
The Role of the Skeletal Muscle Secretome in Mediating Endurance and Resistance Training Adaptations
Aurel B. Leuchtmann et al. · Frontiers in Physiology · 2021
DOI 10.3389/fphys.2021.709807
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