Research

Energy balance

Preventing further population-wide weight gain in adults requires a daily energy deficit of less than 100 kJ (24 kcal), achievable through small changes in diet or physical activity.

To stop gaining weight, you do not need to start a rigorous diet or exercise program. You only need to create a tiny daily energy deficit of about 24 calories. This is equivalent to skipping just a few bites of food at dinner or taking a 5-minute brisk walk. Consistency with these tiny habits is more effective and sustainable than attempting drastic lifestyle overhauls.

ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
With an assumed energy efficiency of 50 %, the findings suggest that weight gain could be prevented in 90 % of the German population with < 100 kJ (24 kcal) reduction in energy intake or increase in energy expenditure per day.
Nanette Stroebele et al. · Public Health Nutrition · 2010

Why this rating

Based on retrospective analysis of national survey data with assumptions about energy efficiency and linear weight gain; not a randomized controlled trial.

Source

Identifying the energy gap in the German population using results from representative national health surveys (1985–2002)

Nanette Stroebele et al. · Public Health Nutrition · 2010

DOI 10.1017/s1368980010000686

cross_sectional · n=26614Cited 19×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →