Research
Energy balance
UPFs increase the risk of chronic diseases and death.
Public health initiatives should address the risks associated with UPF consumption.
StrongSupportsmedium confidence
Large cohort studies showed UPFs increase the risk of chronic diseases and death.
Why this rating
Based on evidence from large cohort studies.
Source
The rapid rise of ultra-processed foods brings up human health concerns
Yi Luo et al. · Journal of Future Foods · 2025
review · n=522682Cited 5×
Read the paper This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →