Browse the evidence

Total ultra-processed food (UPF) intake is associated with a 46% higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) when comparing extreme quintiles of intake.

Reducing UPF consumption may lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

A personalized postprandial-targeting (PPT) diet improved glycemic control significantly more than a Mediterranean (MED) diet as measured by daily time of glucose levels >140 mg/dL and HbA1c.

Practitioners may consider recommending a PPT diet for better glycemic control in prediabetic patients.

Both the PPT and MED diets reduced the daily time with glucose levels >140 mg/dL and HbA1c levels, but reductions were significantly greater in the PPT group.

Both diets can be beneficial, but the PPT diet may be more effective for glycemic control.

Tirzepatide treatment was associated with greater decreases in glycated hemoglobin and body weight compared to GLP-1 RA.

Practitioners can expect tirzepatide to be more effective in managing blood sugar and weight in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Dietary patterns such as Mediterranean-style, DASH, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets can ameliorate insulin resistance and MetS.

Practitioners should consider these dietary patterns for improving insulin resistance in patients.

The percentage of body fat changes were higher for the three sets group (G3S) compared to the one set group (G1S).

For fat loss, three sets of resistance training may be more effective than one set in older women.

Mycoprotein improves acute postprandial glycemic control.

Mycoprotein may be beneficial for individuals managing blood sugar levels.

Twins randomized to the vegan diet experienced a significant mean decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration of -13.9 mg/dL after 8 weeks.

Clinicians may recommend a vegan diet to lower LDL cholesterol levels in patients.

The percentage of patients who had a glycated hemoglobin level of 6.5% or less was significantly higher in the cagrilintide-semaglutide group compared to the placebo group.

This treatment may significantly improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Resistance training (RT) can elicit similar health benefits to aerobic training (AT).

Practitioners should consider incorporating RT alongside AT for optimal health benefits.

Regular resistance training is associated with a lower mortality risk.

Encouraging regular RT can be a strategy to reduce mortality risk.

Resistance training resulted in significant changes in body composition, including a decrease in fat mass by 1.4% and an increase in fat-free mass by 1.6%.

Resistance training can positively affect body composition in older women by reducing fat mass and increasing fat-free mass.

The proportion of lean mass relative to total body mass increased, suggesting a positive overall outcome.

The increase in lean mass proportion may indicate that semaglutide can help maintain muscle relative to fat loss.

Obesity and diabetes require a focus on diet quality and its determinants.

Policy and research should prioritize diet quality over calorie counting.

Lifestyle intervention, including diet and exercise, is the cornerstone of T2DM management for women in menopause.

Practitioners should prioritize lifestyle changes in managing T2DM for menopausal women.

Other relevant nutritional interventions for NAFLD include food selection and time-restricted eating.

Incorporating food selection and time-restricted eating may benefit NAFLD management.

Liquid meal replacements lead to a mean reduction in HbA1c of −0.43% (−4.7 mmol/mol [−7.2 to −2.1]).

Liquid meal replacements may help improve glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Effective treatment of obesity is necessary to reduce the associated burdens of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and death.

Practitioners should prioritize obesity treatment to mitigate serious health risks.

Weight loss interventions can impact both traditional and novel cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Weight loss strategies should consider their effects on cardiovascular health.

The low-carbohydrate diet intervention group had a significantly greater 6-month reduction in HbA1c of -0.23% compared to the usual diet group.

A low-carbohydrate diet may be effective in reducing HbA1c levels in individuals with prediabetes or untreated diabetes.

The low-carbohydrate diet intervention group experienced a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose of -10.3 mg/dL.

Implementing a low-carbohydrate diet may help lower fasting plasma glucose levels in individuals with prediabetes or untreated diabetes.

Primary prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be achievable through the implementation of early and sustainable measures.

Implement early and sustainable prevention measures for at-risk individuals.

Cholesterol reduction combined with aggressive management of modifiable risk factors can help reduce and prevent morbidity and mortality in individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular events.

Practitioners should focus on cholesterol reduction and managing lifestyle factors to improve cardiovascular health.

Therapeutic lifestyle change is the mainstay of management for all patients with dyslipidaemia.

Healthcare providers should prioritize lifestyle modifications in treating dyslipidaemia.