Browse the evidence

Combination therapy of the LPAR1 antagonist EPGN2154 and the GLP-1 agonist Semaglutide results in the maximum body weight loss and fat mass reduction in diet-induced obese mice, outperforming either drug alone.

Combining a GLP-1 agonist (like Semaglutide) with an LPAR1 antagonist (like EPGN2154) appears to maximize weight loss in preclinical models, potentially offering a synergistic effect for obesity management.

Self-administered overdose of Semaglutide (up to 8x the weekly dose) can cause multiorgan failure, including acute kidney injury, cholestatic liver dysfunction, and gastrointestinal bleeding, in patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

If you are using Semaglutide, never inject more than the prescribed weekly dose, even if you feel you need to 'catch up' or are experiencing side effects. The delivery pen allows you to inject multiple times, which can lead to life-threatening organ failure. If you feel dysphoric or suicidal, seek immediate help and do not attempt to self-medicate or overdose.

Black carrot anthocyanins and polyacetylenes (falcarinol) exhibit anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines (specifically colon, breast, prostate, and leukemia) in vitro.

Black carrots contain high levels of anthocyanins and polyacetylenes that show promise in laboratory studies for fighting cancer cells. However, these are in vitro results. Eating black carrots is a healthy dietary choice that contributes to overall disease prevention, but it is not a treatment for cancer. Consult a doctor for medical advice.

Obesity-associated DNA damage in germ cells (sperm and oocytes) can be transmitted to offspring, potentially causing de novo mutations and affecting the health of future generations.

If you are obese and planning to have children, your current health status can impact your child's genetic health. Obesity can cause DNA damage in sperm and eggs, which may lead to mutations or metabolic issues in the child. Preconception weight management and healthy lifestyle choices can help reduce these risks for your future offspring.

Extra-virgin olive oil polyphenols (e.g., oleocanthal, oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol) exhibit anticarcinogenic properties in vitro and in animal models by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation.

Consume extra-virgin olive oil regularly to benefit from its polyphenols, which have shown anticarcinogenic mechanisms in lab studies. Focus on high-quality, phenol-rich EVOO.

Exercise-induced browning of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (ScAT) in rodents may serve as an adaptive mechanism to compensate for reduced insulation due to fat loss or to manage oxidative stress/redox state, rather than primarily for thermogenesis.

In animals, fat tissue changes during exercise might be a response to stress or inflammation rather than just burning calories. This doesn't change the advice: keep exercising for overall health, as the specific 'browning' mechanism is not proven to help humans lose weight.

An intensive weight loss intervention combining total diet replacements (TDR), behavioral support, and weight loss medications (WLM) as needed achieves and maintains ≥20% weight loss in adults with obesity class I or II, significantly outperforming usual care.

To achieve significant weight loss (≥20%), you need a structured, long-term (2-year) program that combines strict initial calorie restriction (via meal replacements), regular coaching, and physical activity. If you don't lose enough weight in the first month, the program adds medication support. This is more intensive than typical 'eat less, move more' advice, which usually results in minimal weight loss.

Once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg produces clinically significant, sustained weight loss (mean -10.2% at 208 weeks) in adults with preexisting cardiovascular disease and obesity/overweight without diabetes, compared to placebo.

If you have heart disease and are overweight or obese (even without diabetes), once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg can help you lose about 10% of your body weight over 4 years, which is significantly more than placebo. This benefit is seen across different sexes, races, and BMI categories, though those with lower starting BMI might stop the medication more often due to side effects or lack of motivation. The key is that it works sustainably for cardiovascular health.

A structured pregnancy intervention combining a high-dairy protein diet (25% energy) and a progressive walking program (up to 10,000 steps/day) improves the likelihood of achieving Institute of Medicine (IOM) gestational weight gain (GWG) targets compared to standard prenatal care.

To manage weight gain during pregnancy, combine a diet where 25% of your calories come from dairy proteins (milk, yogurt, cottage cheese) with a daily walking goal of 10,000 steps. Start with 25-minute walks 3-4 times a week, adding 2 minutes each week until you reach 40 minutes. This structured approach is more effective than standard advice alone.

Aerobic physical activity (30-60 minutes, moderate to vigorous intensity, most days of the week) improves cardiometabolic parameters, reduces visceral fat, and aids in weight maintenance, even without significant weight loss.

Aim for 30-60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise (like brisk walking, cycling, or swimming) on most days of the week. You do not need to lose weight on the scale to get benefits. This activity reduces dangerous visceral fat, improves blood pressure and blood sugar control, and helps maintain any weight loss you achieve.

Semaglutide (2.4 mg/week) induces significant weight loss (mean -10.09% body weight) and improves cardiometabolic markers (BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, CRP, lipids) in obese or overweight non-diabetic adults, with efficacy increasing with dose.

For non-diabetic adults with obesity, once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide (2.4 mg) is a highly effective treatment for weight loss, averaging a 10% reduction in body weight. It also improves blood pressure, inflammation (CRP), and lipid profiles. While gastrointestinal side effects like nausea are common, they are typically transient. The treatment is dose-dependent, with higher doses yielding greater weight loss.

Dietary protein supplementation significantly augments resistance training-induced gains in fat-free mass (FFM) and one-repetition-maximum (1RM) strength in healthy adults.

If you are doing resistance training, ensure you are consuming enough protein. Supplementing with protein powder can help you reach optimal levels (~1.6 g/kg/day) to maximize muscle and strength gains. You do not need to exceed this amount for further benefits.

Long-term use of FDA/Health Canada-approved obesity pharmacotherapies (semaglutide, tirzepatide, liraglutide, naltrexone-bupropion, orlistat) combined with health behavior changes produces clinically meaningful weight loss and prevents weight regain upon discontinuation.

If you have obesity (BMI ≥ 30, or ≥ 27 with health issues), talk to your doctor about FDA/Health Canada-approved weight loss medications like semaglutide or tirzepatide. These work best when combined with diet and exercise changes. Crucially, these are long-term treatments; stopping them usually leads to regaining the weight, so view them as a permanent tool for managing your health, not a quick fix.

Tirzepatide (5-15 mg weekly) produces superior weight loss compared to semaglutide and placebo in adults with obesity, with dose-dependent efficacy.

Tirzepatide is a weekly injection that can lead to significant weight loss (up to ~21% in trials). It works by targeting two hormones (GIP and GLP-1). Side effects like nausea are common but often temporary. It is approved for adults with obesity or overweight with health issues.

A 12-week online intervention combining tailored protein intake counseling with progressive resistance training improves physical function, muscle strength, and health-related quality of life in older cancer survivors compared to general education and stretching.

If you are an older cancer survivor experiencing physical weakness, consider a program that combines specific dietary advice on protein intake with structured resistance exercises. This study protocol suggests that doing this online with professional guidance for 12 weeks may help improve your strength and quality of life, though results are not yet available.

Combining resistance training with progressive whey protein supplementation (up to 60g/day) initiated 3 weeks post-surgery counteracts disproportional fat-free mass loss in patients undergoing metabolic bariatric surgery.

If you have had bariatric surgery, standard care may not be enough to protect your muscle. This protocol suggests starting resistance training (both home and supervised) and gradually increasing whey protein intake to 60g per day, starting 3 weeks after surgery. This combination aims to preserve muscle mass, which is crucial for long-term health and metabolic function.

Telehealth dietitian-led lifestyle counseling combined with web-based tools lowers 24-hour systolic blood pressure more effectively than self-directed web-based tools alone in patients with elevated blood pressure and overweight/obesity.

If you have high blood pressure and are overweight, using a smartphone app alone might not be enough. Adding weekly phone calls with a dietitian who helps you set small, achievable goals and tracks your progress significantly improves your chances of lowering your blood pressure. The program uses free or low-cost apps to track food and weight, and the dietitian uses these insights to guide your weekly plan.

A multidisciplinary group intervention combining nutritional education, physical activity, and emotional management promotes sustainable weight loss (5-10%) and improves quality of life in adults with obesity.

To manage obesity effectively, consider joining a structured group program that combines nutrition education, physical activity, and emotional support. Look for programs that meet weekly for about two months and include follow-up visits. The social aspect and focus on emotional well-being can help you stick to healthy habits long-term.

Once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg produces significant, sustained weight loss (mean 11.80% body weight reduction) and improves cardiometabolic markers in non-diabetic overweight or obese adults compared to placebo.

For non-diabetic adults with obesity, once-weekly 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide is a highly effective intervention for significant weight loss (approx. 12% body weight) and metabolic improvement. While gastrointestinal side effects are common, they are generally manageable and transient.

An intensive weight loss intervention combining total diet replacement (800-850 kcal/day), behavioral support, and weight loss medication achieves and maintains >20% weight loss and improves cardiometabolic risk in adults with severe obesity (BMI ≥35 kg/m²) over 2 years.

For severe obesity, standard 'eat less, move more' advice often fails. This protocol uses a 2-year structured approach: start with a very low-calorie formula diet (800-850 kcal) for 12 weeks with weekly support. If you don't lose enough weight, add a GLP-1 medication. Then, gradually transition to a healthy, low-calorie diet while maintaining exercise. The key is the intensive support and the ability to 'rescue' the plan with formula meals or medication if you regain weight.

Creatine monohydrate supplementation combined with resistance training significantly increases lean tissue mass and muscular strength (upper and lower body) in older adults compared to resistance training alone.

If you are over 50 and doing resistance training, adding creatine monohydrate (3-5g daily, optionally with a short loading phase) will help you gain more muscle and strength than training alone. It is safe for your kidneys and liver based on current research.

Ad libitum consumption of an ultra-processed food (UPF) diet, even when compliant with standard macronutrient dietary guidelines, leads to weight gain and adverse metabolic outcomes, whereas a minimally processed food (MPF) diet leads to weight loss and favorable metabolic changes.

This study protocol investigates whether simply following standard dietary guidelines (like the UK Eatwell Guide) is enough to maintain health if the food is ultra-processed. The hypothesis is that even if you eat the 'right' amounts of fat, sugar, and protein, ultra-processed foods may lead to weight gain, while minimally processed foods lead to weight loss, regardless of macronutrient matching. Until results are published, the implication is that food quality (processing level) matters independently of quantity.

A telemedical lifestyle intervention combining individualized endurance/strength exercise and energy-density-based nutritional counseling improves HbA1c, physical activity, and health literacy in patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes compared to usual care.

For patients with both heart disease and diabetes, standard care may not be enough. This protocol suggests using a structured app-based program that combines personalized exercise (both cardio and strength) with dietary advice focused on food density (choosing foods that fill you up with fewer calories). Regular check-ins via phone and app help keep patients motivated and on track for at least 6 months.

A multi-component digital health intervention (phone consultations, pedometers, and a smart app) combined with behavior change techniques effectively promotes physical activity and healthy diet in overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes compared to usual care.

If you have type 2 diabetes and are overweight, standard advice might not be enough. This study tests a program that uses phone calls, a pedometer, and a smartphone app to help you move more and eat better. It works by setting specific goals, identifying barriers, and getting support from health coaches and peers. To try this, you need to be willing to use a smartphone and commit to regular check-ins.