Mixed
In men under 50 without baseline hypertension or hyperglycemia, longitudinal increases in abdominal circumference and systolic blood pressure significantly increase the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).
If you are a man under 50, monitor your waist size and blood pressure regularly. Even small increases in waist circumference (e.g., 1 cm) and blood pressure over time are linked to a higher risk of heart attacks and strokes, regardless of your current weight. Preventing these increases through lifestyle management is critical for long-term heart health.
In men under the age of 50, an increase in abdominal circumference was associated with an increase in MACCE incidence (hazard ratio per 1 cm increase: 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.17)... increases in abdominal circumference and systolic blood pressure were associated with an increased risk of developing MACCE, regardless of the degree of obesity at baseline.
Why this rating
Large observational cohort (n=12,528) with landmark analysis and sensitivity checks, though outcome relies on self-reported questionnaires.
Source
Effects of Longitudinal Changes in Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors on the Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Disease in Young Adults
Mitsuko Nakata et al. · International Heart Journal · 2022
DOI 10.1536/ihj.22-317
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