Research
Mixed
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) significantly amplifies cardiovascular risk, with albuminuria and low GFR being strong predictors of major atherosclerotic and heart failure events, often making CVD the leading cause of death in CKD patients.
If you have kidney disease, your risk of heart problems is significantly higher. Regular monitoring of your heart health, along with managing blood pressure and blood sugar, is essential to prevent heart failure and heart attacks.
StrongSupportsVERY_HIGH confidence
The hallmarks of CKD, albuminuria, low glomerular filtration rate (GFR), or both, are associated with progressive increases in the risk of major atherosclerotic vascular and HF events and cardiovascular death.
Why this rating
Supported by extensive epidemiological data and guidelines cited.
Source
A Synopsis of the Evidence for the Science and Clinical Management of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) Syndrome: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Chiadi E. Ndumele et al. · Circulation · 2023
DOI 10.1161/cir.0000000000001186
clinical_guidelineCited 1,024×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a systemic disorder characterized by pathophysiological interactions among metabolic risk factors, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and the cardiovascular system, leading to multiorgan dysfunction and high adverse outcome rates.Strong
- Dysfunctional adipose tissue, particularly visceral fat, drives CKM syndrome by secreting proinflammatory and prooxidative products that damage arterial, cardiac, and kidney tissues, leading to insulin resistance and systemic inflammation.Strong
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