Research

Hormonal

GLP-1 receptor agonists (specifically liraglutide and semaglutide) produce the greatest weight loss among anti-diabetic medications, with effects classified as strong (>5% reduction), whereas DPP-4 inhibitors and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose) produce only mild or neutral effects.

If you have Type 2 Diabetes and struggle with weight loss, GLP-1 receptor agonists (like liraglutide or semaglutide) are currently the most effective pharmacological option for reducing body weight, significantly outperforming older drugs like DPP-4 inhibitors or acarbose. While these drugs may cause initial gastrointestinal side effects, their ability to produce strong weight loss (>5%) makes them a superior choice for managing obesity in diabetic patients compared to weight-neutral or weight-gain-inducing alternatives like sulfonylureas or insulin.

GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
some glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists had the greatest impact on weight loss. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors showed a neutral or mild weight loss effect... Acarbose has mild weight loss effects and metformin and sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter proteins-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have modest weight loss effects
Fatma Haddad et al. · Life · 2023

Why this rating

Based on a comprehensive review of multiple clinical trials and meta-analyses, though specific pooled effect sizes for GLP-1s are less detailed in the abstract than for metformin.

Source

A Comprehensive Review on Weight Loss Associated with Anti-Diabetic Medications

Fatma Haddad et al. · Life · 2023

DOI 10.3390/life13041012

narrative_reviewCited 61×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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