Research
Hormonal
Insufficient sleep alters the phase and waveform of circadian gene expression, narrowing the window of peak expression for night-active genes and shifting the timing of immune and metabolic gene clusters.
Sleep restriction doesn't just reduce the amount of 'good' gene expression; it changes WHEN those genes are active. This misalignment can disrupt the timing of immune responses and metabolism, potentially contributing to health issues even if total sleep time is recovered later.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
Thus, a further effect of sleep restriction was to narrow the window of circadian gene expression and to increase the temporal separation of clusters 4 and 5...
Why this rating
High-resolution sampling (hourly) over a constant routine protocol.
Source
Effects of insufficient sleep on circadian rhythmicity and expression amplitude of the human blood transcriptome
Carla S. Möller‐Levet et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 2013
DOI 10.1073/pnas.1217154110
crossover · n=26Cited 578×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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- One week of insufficient sleep (approx. 5.7 hours per 24 hours) disrupts the human blood transcriptome by reducing the number of genes with circadian expression profiles and decreasing their circadian amplitude.Good
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