Research
Energy balance
Consuming ≥33% of total daily energy intake during the evening (17:00–00:00) is associated with a two-fold higher risk of being overweight or obese compared to consuming less than 33%.
Avoid consuming the majority of your daily calories after 17:00. Eating a large proportion of your energy in the evening is associated with a significantly higher risk of obesity. Try to finish your largest meals earlier in the day to mitigate this risk.
ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
Those who consumed ≥33% of daily energy intake in the evening were two-fold more likely overweight/obese (OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.03–3.89), although this association was not significant among true-reporters (OR = 2.10; 95% CI = 0.60–7.29).
Why this rating
Cross-sectional design; association lost statistical significance in the 'true-reporter' subsample, though the odds ratio remained elevated.
Source
Timing of energy intake during the day is associated with the risk of obesity in adults
Julie B. Wang et al. · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · 2013
DOI 10.1111/jhn.12141
cross_sectional · n=239Cited 274×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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