Research
Hormonal
Short-term meal satiety signals (like CCK) are modulated by the strength of long-term adiposity signals (insulin and leptin); higher adiposity signals increase sensitivity to satiety cues, reducing meal size.
Your body adjusts how sensitive you are to fullness signals based on your fat stores. When fat stores are high, your body may become less sensitive to 'I'm full' signals, leading to larger meals. Recognizing this biological driver can help in managing expectations during weight loss.
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As CNS insulin or leptin signaling increases, sensitivity to CCK also increases, thereby decreasing the size of single meals. Conversely, deficient neuronal input by insulin or leptin is proposed to blunt responsiveness to satiety signals and hence, to increase meal size.
Why this rating
Based on studies of CCK sensitivity and vagal afferent signaling.
Source
Leptin and Insulin Action in the Central Nervous System
Daniel Porte et al. · Nutrition Reviews · 2002
DOI 10.1301/002966402320634797
narrative_reviewCited 228×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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