Energy balance
Replacing dextrose with lipid emulsions in parenteral nutrition reduces hyperglycemia and its associated complications (infections, mortality) in critically ill patients.
For ICU patients unable to eat, using lipid emulsions to provide about 30% of calories helps avoid dangerous high blood sugar levels caused by glucose-heavy formulas. Monitor triglyceride levels closely and reduce lipid doses if they exceed 400 mg/dL to prevent liver stress.
Perhaps most importantly, the use of LEs in PN is associated with a reduction in the metabolic complications related to excessive hypertonic glucose infusion because the dextrose load is correspondingly reduced... the administration of PN containing LEs may help to prevent hyperglycemia and its complications.
Why this rating
Based on observational studies and specific clinical trials cited, but the paper notes discrepancies and limited well-controlled data for newer LEs.
Source
Lipid emulsions in parenteral nutrition of intensive care patients: current thinking and future directions
Philip C. Calder et al. · Intensive Care Medicine · 2010
DOI 10.1007/s00134-009-1744-5
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