Energy balance
Chronic undernutrition is associated with dysregulated PPARα and FXR signaling, leading to decreased bile acid levels, suppressed secretion of complement and coagulation factors, and increased autophagy.
In cases of severe chronic undernutrition, the body's metabolic sensors (PPARα and FXR) become dysregulated, leading to low bile acids and impaired immune/clotting functions. This suggests that nutritional rehabilitation should potentially target these specific pathways (e.g., bile acid replacement or receptor agonists) to restore normal metabolic function, rather than just providing calories.
Taken together, these findings suggest that undernourished individuals have decreased secretion of albumin, complement proteins, coagulation factors, and bile acids.
Why this rating
Based on observational studies in humans and animal models, but the exact mechanistic causality in humans is still being elucidated (preliminary evidence).
Source
Nutrient-sensing nuclear receptors PPARα and FXR control liver energy balance
Geoffrey A. Preidis et al. · Journal of Clinical Investigation · 2017
DOI 10.1172/jci88893
More from this paper
- PPARα activation suppresses the liver secretome (including complement and coagulation factors) to conserve energy during fasting, whereas FXR activation induces secretion to support nutrient processing in the fed state.Good
- PPARα and FXR have opposing effects on autophagy: PPARα induces autophagy during fasting to recover nutrients, while FXR suppresses it during the fed state.Good
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