Research

Energy balance

Frequent fast food consumption (more than once per week) is directly associated with higher BMI and a significantly increased risk of obesity in Mediterranean adults.

If you eat fast food more than once a week, you are statistically more likely to have a higher BMI and be obese. To mitigate this, reduce the frequency of fast food consumption or compensate by reducing energy intake from other sources, as fast food is energy-dense and often displaces healthier options.

ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
BMI was directly associated with fast food consumption expressed in g/d (P= 0.025) and in kJ/d (P=0.017)... The risk of being obese increased with the frequency of fast food consumption (P= 0.046).
Helmut Schröder et al. · British Journal Of Nutrition · 2007

Why this rating

Cross-sectional design limits causal inference, though the sample is representative and adjusted for confounders.

Source

Association of fast food consumption with energy intake, diet quality, body mass index and the risk of obesity in a representative Mediterranean population

Helmut Schröder et al. · British Journal Of Nutrition · 2007

DOI 10.1017/s0007114507781436

cross_sectional · n=3058Cited 196×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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