Research
Micronutrients & recovery
Supplementation with vitamin D and calcium increases the incidence of kidney stones in community-dwelling adults.
Be aware that taking combined vitamin D and calcium supplements increases your risk of developing kidney stones. While the absolute risk is small (about 1 extra case per 273 women over 7 years), it is a confirmed side effect. If you are not deficient, the risks may outweigh the unproven benefits.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
The USPSTF found adequate evidence that supplementation with vitamin D and calcium increases the incidence of kidney stones.
Why this rating
Based on pooled RCT data showing a statistically significant increase.
Source
Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults
US Preventive Services Task Force et al. · JAMA · 2018
DOI 10.1001/jama.2018.3185
Meta-analysis · 8 studiesCited 192×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Daily supplementation with 400 IU or less of vitamin D and 1000 mg or less of calcium provides no benefit for the primary prevention of fractures in community-dwelling, postmenopausal women.Good
- There is insufficient evidence to determine the benefit of vitamin D, calcium, or combined supplementation for preventing fractures in community-dwelling men and premenopausal women.Moderate
Related findings · Micronutrients & recovery
- Trans fats (industrial trans-fatty acids) are unequivocally harmful and should be completely avoided as they raise LDL-C, TGs, and Apo B while lowering HDL-C.Strong
- For menopausal women with osteoporosis, first-line pharmacologic therapies include alendronate, risedronate, zoledronic acid, and denosumab for the prevention of hip, nonvertebral, and vertebral fractures.Strong
- Folic acid fortification of flour prevents neural tube birth defects, and mandatory fortification is more effective than voluntary supplementation alone.Strong
This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →