Research
Micronutrients & recovery
Supplementation with vitamin D and calcium increases the incidence of kidney stones in community-dwelling adults.
Be aware that taking combined vitamin D and calcium supplements increases your risk of developing kidney stones. While the absolute risk is small (about 1 extra case per 273 women over 7 years), it is a confirmed side effect. If you are not deficient, the risks may outweigh the unproven benefits.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
The USPSTF found adequate evidence that supplementation with vitamin D and calcium increases the incidence of kidney stones.
Why this rating
Based on pooled RCT data showing a statistically significant increase.
Source
Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults
US Preventive Services Task Force et al. · JAMA · 2018
Meta-analysis · 8 studiesCited 192×
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