Research

Energy balance

Plant-based meat alternatives may have a lower environmental footprint than feedlot beef but a higher footprint than pasture-raised beef, and their nutritional complexity is underestimated by reductionist formulation.

If you are choosing plant-based meats for environmental reasons, know that they are generally better than feedlot beef but may not be as good as pasture-raised beef. Focus on a balanced diet that includes diverse plant sources to maximize health benefits, rather than relying solely on processed alternatives.

ModerateQualifiesMEDIUM confidence
Life-cycle analyses suggest that the novel plant-based meat alternatives have an environmental footprint that may be lower than beef finished in feedlots, but higher than beef raised on well-managed pastures... mimicking of animal foods using isolated plant proteins... likely underestimates the true nutritional complexity of whole foods.
Stephan van Vliet et al. · Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems · 2020

Why this rating

Based on life-cycle analyses and general review statements.

Source

Plant-Based Meats, Human Health, and Climate Change

Stephan van Vliet et al. · Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems · 2020

DOI 10.3389/fsufs.2020.00128

narrative_reviewCited 204×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →