Hormonal
Disruption of the paracrine regulatory network within pancreatic islets—specifically the loss of somatostatin-mediated inhibition of glucagon and insulin-mediated suppression of glucagon—exacerbates hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes.
Managing diabetes effectively requires looking beyond just insulin levels. If you have Type 2 Diabetes, your body's internal hormonal balance—specifically the signals that tell your liver to release sugar (glucagon) and the signals that tell it to stop (somatostatin)—may be broken. This means that even if you are managing insulin, your blood sugar might remain high because your body is still receiving 'release sugar' signals it shouldn't be. Modern therapies increasingly target these other hormones to restore the full balance.
Concurrently, the dysregulation of other islet hormones exacerbates the disease process. For example, inappropriate glucagon secretion contributes to hyperglycemia, whereas impaired somatostatin signaling fails to adequately suppress glucagon and insulin secretion.
Why this rating
Based on a comprehensive review of multiple studies and established physiological mechanisms.
Source
Pancreatic Islet Cell Hormones: Secretion, Function, and Diabetes Therapy
Jinfang Ma et al. · MedComm · 2025
DOI 10.1002/mco2.70359
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