Hormonal
Moderate (~10%) weight loss achieved through diet and exercise reduces pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in adults with adult-onset obesity (AO), but fails to alter these immune cell profiles in those with childhood-onset obesity (CO).
If you developed obesity as an adult, moderate weight loss (around 10%) through diet and exercise may help reduce inflammation in your abdominal fat. However, if you have been obese since childhood, the same level of weight loss might not change the inflammatory state of your fat tissue, even if you lose weight and improve blood markers like insulin. This suggests that long-term obesity history creates a 'memory' in fat tissue that is harder to reverse with standard lifestyle changes alone.
Abdominal CD68+CD206- ‘pro-inflammatory’ macrophages were slightly higher in AO than CO at baseline but declined in AO only, equalizing between groups after weight loss.
Why this rating
Small sample size (n=8-14 per group), preliminary nature stated by authors, but rigorous flow cytometry methodology.
Source
The age of obesity onset affects changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue macrophages and T cells after weight loss
Jessica Murphy et al. · Frontiers in Immunology · 2025
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1601847
More from this paper
- Moderate weight loss increases CD3+CD4+ T cells in both abdominal and femoral subcutaneous adipose tissue in adults with adult-onset obesity (AO), but not in those with childhood-onset obesity (CO).Moderate
- Moderate (~10%) weight loss improves systemic cardiometabolic risk factors (plasma insulin and arterial stiffness) similarly in both childhood-onset (CO) and adult-onset obesity (AO) populations.Moderate
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