Hormonal
Moderate weight loss increases CD3+CD4+ T cells in both abdominal and femoral subcutaneous adipose tissue in adults with adult-onset obesity (AO), but not in those with childhood-onset obesity (CO).
If you developed obesity as an adult, moderate weight loss may trigger an increase in CD4+ T cells in your fat tissue, which could include regulatory T cells that help manage inflammation. If you have been obese since childhood, this specific immune shift may not occur with the same degree of weight loss. This highlights that long-term obesity history creates a 'memory' in fat tissue that is harder to reverse with standard lifestyle changes alone.
Abdominal and femoral CD3+CD4+ T cells—potentially pro- or anti-inflammatory—increased after weight loss in AO but remained unchanged in CO.
Why this rating
Small sample size, preliminary study, but specific flow cytometry data provided.
Source
The age of obesity onset affects changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue macrophages and T cells after weight loss
Jessica Murphy et al. · Frontiers in Immunology · 2025
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1601847
More from this paper
- Moderate (~10%) weight loss achieved through diet and exercise reduces pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in adults with adult-onset obesity (AO), but fails to alter these immune cell profiles in those with childhood-onset obesity (CO).Moderate
- Moderate (~10%) weight loss improves systemic cardiometabolic risk factors (plasma insulin and arterial stiffness) similarly in both childhood-onset (CO) and adult-onset obesity (AO) populations.Moderate
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