Macro partitioning
Higher percentage of energy from carbohydrates at breakfast is associated with a significantly lower risk of major cardiovascular events and stroke in Chinese adults, particularly women.
For Chinese adults, prioritizing carbohydrates as the main energy source at breakfast (higher percentage of breakfast energy) is associated with a lower risk of heart disease and stroke, particularly for women. This does not mean unlimited carbs, but rather that carbs should constitute a larger proportion of breakfast energy compared to protein and fat.
Higher percentage energy from carbohydrate intake at breakfast was associated with a lower risk of major cardiovascular events (quintile 5 vs. quintile 1, HR 0.60 [95%CI 0.44–0.81]; ptrend < 0.0001), new-onset stroke (quintile 5 vs. quintile 1, HR 0.58 [95%CI 0.40–0.86]; ptrend = 0.0121).
Why this rating
Large prospective cohort (n=12,937), long follow-up (14 years), multivariable adjustment, but observational design limits causal inference.
Source
The association of energy and macronutrient intake at breakfast and cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults: From a 14-year follow-up cohort study
Xiaoan Du et al. · Frontiers in Nutrition · 2023
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