Research

Energy balance

The percentage of total energy from consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods decreased from 28.8% to 23.5% from 1999 to 2018.

Practitioners should note the decline in consumption of unprocessed foods among youths.

StrongSupportsmedium confidence
the percentage of total energy from consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods decreased from 28.8% to 23.5% (difference, -5.3% [95% CI, -7.5% to -3.2%]; P < .001 for trend).
Lu Wang et al. · JAMA · 2021

Why this rating

Based on a large cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data.

Source

Trends in Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods Among US Youths Aged 2-19 Years, 1999-2018

Lu Wang et al. · JAMA · 2021

DOI 10.1001/jama.2021.10238

cross-sectional · n=33795Cited 356×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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