Mixed
Fad diets, supplements, and unproven therapies (e.g., phytotherapics, probiotics for weight loss) are ineffective and potentially harmful for obesity treatment.
Avoid fad diets and unproven supplements (phytotherapics, probiotics, caffeine supplements) for weight loss. They are ineffective and may be harmful. Focus on evidence-based strategies like calorie restriction and behavioral changes.
These products are ineffective and have potentially harmful effects on health, and are many times created with the only purpose of promoting the marketing of products with a clear conflict of interest biases.
Why this rating
The paper explicitly states there is 'no scientific evidence' for many of these interventions and classifies them as 'not recommended'.
Source
Position statement on nutrition therapy for overweight and obesity: nutrition department of the Brazilian association for the study of obesity and metabolic syndrome (ABESO—2022)
Renata Bressan Pepe et al. · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · 2023
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