Browse the evidence

LA ingestion increased plasma leucine and tryptophan concentrations relative to CP (P < 0.001).

Endurance athletes may benefit from LA supplementation to enhance amino acid availability post-exercise.

Protein consumption stimulates MPS in both prostate cancer patients on ADT and age-matched controls, but to a greater extent in controls.

Protein supplementation can enhance muscle protein synthesis, particularly in non-ADT individuals.

There was a trend in the whole egg group for having a greater change in lean body mass compared with that of the egg white group.

While not statistically significant, there may be a trend suggesting whole eggs could support lean mass gains better than egg whites.

Indirect muscle damage markers (muscle soreness and range of motion) showed significant changes for HL-RT but not for LL-BFR.

Practitioners should monitor muscle soreness and range of motion when using HL-RT.

Both two and three days per week resistance training resulted in significant increases in intracellular water, reactance, and phase angle.

Both training frequencies can be effective for improving specific cellular health metrics in older women.

A greater intake of plant fat is associated with a lower risk for overall mortality (HRs, 0.91) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality (HRs, 0.86), particularly from grains and vegetable oils.

Encouraging higher plant fat intake, especially from grains and oils, may benefit longevity.

A higher intake of total animal fat is associated with an increased risk for overall mortality (HRs, 1.16) and CVD mortality (HRs, 1.14).

Reducing animal fat intake may lower mortality risk.

Pharmacologic interventions targeting modifiable cardiometabolic risk factors are a reasonable strategy to prevent CVD development and progression of MASLD.

Practitioners should consider pharmacologic interventions for patients with MASLD to mitigate CVD risk.

The degree of capillarization in muscle is associated with the change in type II fiber CSA following resistance training.

Improving muscle capillarization may enhance the effectiveness of resistance training.

Obesity is a significant predisposing factor for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Practitioners should consider obesity as a critical factor in managing patients with HFpEF.

Muscle size increases vary across regions within and between muscles after resistance training programs.

Practitioners should consider regional differences in muscle hypertrophy when designing training programs.

Muscle architectural changes after resistance and stretch training programs are region-specific.

Training programs should account for region-specific changes in muscle architecture.

Total protein oxidation increases linearly with protein intake.

Increasing protein intake may lead to higher rates of protein oxidation, which should be considered in dietary planning.

Probiotics and prebiotics support gut health and immune function, which are integral to effective recovery.

Including probiotics and prebiotics in recovery nutrition can enhance gut health and immune function.

Eccentric contractions impaired muscle function for 48 hours in the placebo group but only for 24 hours in the protein-polyphenol group.

Recovery strategies should consider the timing of muscle function impairment post-exercise.

Weight gain plays an important role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea.

Weight management strategies should be emphasized in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.

Both traditional and pyramid resistance training systems achieved upregulation of the antioxidant system in older women after 8 weeks.

Incorporating either traditional or pyramid resistance training can enhance antioxidant levels in older women.

Both traditional and pyramid resistance training systems resulted in lower protein oxidation adducts compared to the control group.

Resistance training can help reduce protein oxidation in older women.

Aging and muscle disuse lead to the development of anabolic resistance and contribute to the loss of skeletal muscle mass.

Awareness of the effects of aging and disuse on muscle mass is crucial for intervention strategies.

Both the narrow pyramid (NPR) and wide pyramid (WPR) resistance training systems significantly improved bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) patterns compared to the control group (CON) after eight weeks.

Resistance training can effectively improve body composition metrics in older women.

The wide pyramid resistance training system (WPR) resulted in a greater increase in phase angle (PhA) compared to the narrow pyramid (NPR) and control (CON) groups.

Utilizing a wide pyramid training approach may enhance cellular health indicators in older women.

HMB may have a small, positive impact on fat-free mass (FFM) in athletes when protein intake is suboptimal (<1.6 g·kg-1·d-1).

Athletes with low protein intake may benefit from HMB supplementation for improving muscle mass.

MyoPS increased above REST in both untrained and trained states, with a greater increase in males.

Males may experience a greater increase in muscle protein synthesis following resistance training.

Obesity is associated with and likely has a direct causal role in the onset, progression and severity of chronic kidney disease.

Practitioners should consider the impact of obesity on chronic kidney disease management.