Browse the evidence

A minimal amount of weight loss can resolve NAFLD in lean patients.

Even small weight loss should be encouraged in lean patients with NAFLD for potential resolution of the condition.

Obesity significantly increases the risk of both nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

Addressing obesity is crucial for reducing the risk of NAFLD and CVD in patients.

Consumers currently taking a GLP-1 consume significantly fewer calories than the other groups surveyed, with calorie reduction while taking a GLP-1 for weight loss estimated to be around 720 to 990 calories.

Practitioners should consider that GLP-1 users may have lower caloric intake, which could influence dietary recommendations.

GLP-1 users most likely reduce consumption of processed foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, refined grains, and beef.

Dietitians may need to adjust food recommendations for patients using GLP-1 based on their reduced consumption of certain food types.

Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, demonstrated much greater weight loss than previous medications.

Practitioners may consider semaglutide as a more effective option for weight loss in obese patients.

Individuals in the Persistent+GLP-1 naive cohort achieved a mean weight reduction of 12.9% at 6-months post-index.

Practitioners can expect significant weight loss in eligible patients using tirzepatide over a 6-month period.

Exercise is a well-established measure to prevent or mitigate the adverse consequences of obesity.

Encouraging exercise can be a key strategy in obesity management.

GLP-1RA use in patients with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) is associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality (HR 0.580) compared to non-use.

Clinicians may consider GLP-1RAs for reducing mortality risk in MUHO patients.

High ultraprocessed food (UPF) intake is consistently linked to negative health outcomes.

Practitioners should be aware of the negative health implications of high UPF consumption.

Food policies that limit UPF intake are supported by evidence.

Policymakers should consider implementing regulations to reduce UPF consumption.

Anti-obesity medications, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, have shown safety and weight loss efficacy in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Clinicians may consider glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight management in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Weight loss can be achieved with either a healthy low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) or a healthy low-fat diet (LFD).

Both LCD and LFD can be effective for weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity.

Carbohydrate intake measures showed strong associations with weight loss at 3-, 6-, and 12-month time points.

Focusing on carbohydrate intake may enhance weight loss efforts.

Weight loss in both diet groups seems to have been driven by the reduction of glycemic load (GL) more so than dietary fat or calories.

Reducing glycemic load may be more effective for weight loss than focusing solely on fat or calorie reduction.

Tirzepatide has demonstrated superior weight loss efficacy compared to previously approved medications.

Tirzepatide may be considered as a more effective pharmacotherapy option for weight loss in patients compared to existing medications.

Multimodal programs including performance, nutritional, and psychological interventions may improve postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Incorporating multimodal interventions may enhance the success of bariatric surgery for patients with dysglycemia.

The assessment and promotion of physical activity in clinical settings appears to be effective.

Health professionals should incorporate physical activity assessment and promotion in clinical practice.

Seventeen studies demonstrated improvements in physical activity levels as a result of the interventions.

Practitioners can expect to see improvements in patient physical activity levels with appropriate interventions.

Cumulative average total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is inversely associated with progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.91 per 100 min/week higher amount.

Increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity may help reduce the risk of chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity.

An increase in total MVPA from baseline to year 4 (≥63.2 min/week) is associated with a 33% lower risk of progression to CKD compared to the largest MVPA reduction (<−198.3 min/week).

Encouraging increases in physical activity can significantly lower the risk of chronic kidney disease in this population.

Increases in MVPA accumulated in bouts of both <10 min and ≥10 min are associated with a lower risk of progression to CKD.

Incorporating both short and longer physical activity bouts can be beneficial for reducing CKD risk.

Participants with higher adherence scores for an overall low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) exhibited lower odds of hepatic steatosis (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61-0.96, p trend = 0.049).

Encouraging adherence to low-carbohydrate diets may reduce the risk of hepatic steatosis.

Replacing 5% of the energy from carbohydrates with total fat and protein is associated with lower steatosis prevalence (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.83-0.99).

Modifying carbohydrate intake by increasing fat and protein may help lower the risk of hepatic steatosis.

Substitution of low- and no-calorie sweetened beverages (LNCSBs) for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) was associated with a reduction in body weight by 1.06 kg (95% CI, -1.71 to -0.41 kg).

Practitioners may consider recommending LNCSBs as a substitute for SSBs to aid in weight management.