Research
Energy balance
Hypertension is associated with urban living, older age, insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, and low physical activity.
Public health initiatives should address these risk factors to manage hypertension.
ModerateSupportsmedium confidence
Hypertension was associated with urban living (OR=1.46), older age (OR for 80+=3.98), insufficient fruit and vegetable intake (OR=1.52) and low physical activity (OR=1.35).
Why this rating
The study design is cross-sectional.
Source
Cross-sectional study of the association between diet and physical inactivity with obesity, diabetes and hypertension among older adults in Sierra Leone
Tahir Bockarie et al. · BMJ Open · 2025
DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095825
cross-sectional · n=1978Cited 1×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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- 43.5% of participants aged 40 and above in Bo District have at least one physiological risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, obesity, or diabetes.Moderate
- Diabetes is associated with urban residence, older age, low fruit and vegetable consumption, high salt intake, and low physical activity.Moderate
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