Research
Mixed
Extrinsic morphogen gradients (Wnt, Shh, BMP) play a critical role in patterning the somite and regulating the expression of key myogenic transcription factors (MyoD, Myf5) during embryonic development.
Embryonic muscle development is heavily influenced by environmental signals (morphogens) that guide cell fate. This highlights the complexity of muscle biology, though direct application to adult training is limited.
StrongSupportsHIGH confidence
Members of the Wnt family of proteins are of particular importance for the formation of the dermomyotome and myotome... Shh is also involved in the positive specification of muscle progenitors... BMP inhibits expression of certain myogenic genes.
Why this rating
Supported by extensive genetic knockout and mutant studies.
Source
Building Muscle: Molecular Regulation of Myogenesis
C. Florian Bentzinger et al. · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · 2012
DOI 10.1101/cshperspect.a008342
narrative_reviewCited 1,178×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Embryonic skeletal muscle formation is primarily driven by extrinsic morphogen gradients (Wnt, Shh, BMP) that pattern the somite and regulate intrinsic transcription factors (Pax3, MyoD, Myf5), whereas adult muscle regeneration relies on the activation of quiescent satellite cells that reuse this same genetic hierarchy.Strong
- Satellite cells are the essential progenitor cells for adult skeletal muscle regeneration, residing in a quiescent state within the niche until activated by injury or other stimuli to differentiate into new muscle fibers.Strong
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