Energy balance
In normal weight individuals, both weight loss and weight gain are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to weight maintenance.
If you are normal weight, try to maintain your current weight. Both losing and gaining weight were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease compared to staying stable. This may be because weight loss in normal weight individuals can be a sign of underlying illness.
In the normal weight, both weight loss and gain were associated with increased risk for CVD [HR vs weight maintenance=1.53 (1.18-1.98) and 1.43 (1.19-1.71 respectively)].
Why this rating
Large sample size and robust statistical methods, but observational nature limits causal certainty regarding the direction of causality (reverse causation).
Source
Weight Change and the Onset of Cardiovascular Diseases: Emulating Trials Using Electronic Health Records
Michail Katsoulis et al. · Epidemiology · 2021
DOI 10.1097/ede.0000000000001393
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- In individuals with obesity, intentional or observed weight loss reduces the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction compared to weight maintenance.Moderate
- In individuals with obesity, weight gain is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to weight maintenance.Moderate
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