Research

Energy balance

In normal weight individuals, both weight loss and weight gain are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to weight maintenance.

If you are normal weight, try to maintain your current weight. Both losing and gaining weight were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease compared to staying stable. This may be because weight loss in normal weight individuals can be a sign of underlying illness.

ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
In the normal weight, both weight loss and gain were associated with increased risk for CVD [HR vs weight maintenance=1.53 (1.18-1.98) and 1.43 (1.19-1.71 respectively)].
Michail Katsoulis et al. · Epidemiology · 2021

Why this rating

Large sample size and robust statistical methods, but observational nature limits causal certainty regarding the direction of causality (reverse causation).

Source

Weight Change and the Onset of Cardiovascular Diseases: Emulating Trials Using Electronic Health Records

Michail Katsoulis et al. · Epidemiology · 2021

DOI 10.1097/ede.0000000000001393

preprint · n=138567Cited 33×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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