Research
Molecular
Choline is associated with a 19% increased risk of death from any cause among older adults.
Monitoring choline levels may also be relevant for assessing mortality risk in older adults.
StrongSupportsmedium confidence
The hazard ratios for death from any cause... were 1.19 (95% CI, 1.08-1.32) for choline.
Why this rating
Based on a large prospective cohort study design.
Source
Association of Trimethylamine <i>N</i>-Oxide and Metabolites With Mortality in Older Adults
Amanda M. Fretts et al. · JAMA Network Open · 2022
DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.13242
cohort · n=5333Cited 51×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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