Browse the evidence

Human obesity is associated with insulin resistance and results in metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular complications.

Practitioners should be aware of the metabolic and cardiovascular risks associated with obesity.

GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may influence skeletal muscle through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondrial-supportive mechanisms.

Practitioners should consider the potential muscle-preserving effects of GLP-1RAs in patients at risk for sarcopenia.

GLP-1RAs have shown muscle-preserving properties in experimental models of aging, sarcopenic obesity, and chronic disease.

GLP-1RAs may be beneficial in preserving muscle in specific populations, such as the elderly or those with chronic diseases.

Visceral and ectopic fat accumulation strongly predicts adverse lipid patterns, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular events.

Focus on reducing visceral and ectopic fat to improve lipid profiles and reduce cardiovascular risk.

Obesity significantly influences the incidence and progression of various cancers.

Practitioners should consider obesity as a critical factor in cancer risk assessment.

Surgical therapies including laparoscopic bariatric surgery represent an important treatment strategy in obese patients.

Practitioners should consider bariatric surgery for eligible obese patients.

Expert consensus has defined a state of diabetes remission where treatment can induce sustained normalization of glucose levels.

Understanding this definition can help practitioners set realistic treatment goals.

MNs hold promise in improving the quality of life for individuals struggling with obesity and its associated comorbidities.

MNs may enhance treatment efficacy and patient outcomes in obesity management.

Sarcopenia is characterized by the progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass and strength, negatively impacting health and quality of life.

Understanding sarcopenia is crucial for developing interventions to improve health in aging populations.

Some studies showed a possible positive effect of phosphatidic acid on body composition and performance improvements.

While there may be some positive effects noted, the lack of consistent evidence suggests caution in recommending PA.

Bone mineral content (BMC) increased during the weight loss period, leading to a smaller reduction in fat-free mass (FFM) compared to LST.

Practitioners should note the increase in BMC during weight loss, which may influence overall body composition assessments.

Lacto-ovo-vegetarians (LOV) and non-vegetarians (NV) showed similar increases in quadriceps femoris muscle thickness (QFMT) after 12 weeks of strength training (ST) (LOV: 9.2 ± 5.4 mm; NV: 5.5 ± 8.1 mm).

Both vegetarians and non-vegetarians can achieve similar muscle growth from strength training.

The importance of specific protein sources appears to differ by sex.

Further research is needed to understand how different protein sources affect lean mass in men and women.

Myofibrillar protein synthesis is positively correlated with blood pH.

Practitioners may need to consider blood pH levels when assessing muscle protein synthesis.

The COSIAM method provides a viable approach for assessing muscle protein turnover in young, healthy females.

Practitioners can use the COSIAM method for accurate assessment of muscle protein turnover in young females.

The effects of resistance training at longer muscle lengths show an increasing trend from proximal to distal sites.

Practitioners may consider the trend when designing resistance training programs, but should note the trivial nature of the differences.

GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may help manage psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in patients with obesity.

Clinicians may consider GLP-1RAs as a treatment option for obese patients with PsO and PsA.

The degree of muscle-based losses varied widely among the incretin groups.

Individual responses to incretin therapies can vary, necessitating personalized treatment approaches.

Intensive glycemic control can precipitate hypoglycemic events, which may lead to serious complications.

Healthcare providers should monitor patients closely to prevent hypoglycemic events during intensive glycemic control.

Metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidaemia are major drivers of cardiovascular risk.

Practitioners should focus on addressing metabolic disorders to reduce cardiovascular risk.

New pharmacological approaches aim to conserve lean body mass during weight loss.

Emerging drugs may help maintain muscle mass during weight loss, which is crucial for long-term success.

GLP-1 receptor agonists are approved for steatotic liver disease, with demonstrated histologic and biochemical benefits.

GLP-1 receptor agonists can be utilized in clinical practice for managing steatotic liver disease effectively.

Ingestion of a single bolus of hydrolyzed collagen or free amino acids substantially increases circulating amino acids concentrations, particularly glycine.

Practitioners can consider collagen and amino acid supplementation to enhance amino acid availability post-exercise.

A high body mass index is one of the strongest risk factors for new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Monitoring BMI can be crucial for preventing CKD in at-risk populations.