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Weekly progressions in the number of sets should be prioritized over progressions in percentage of 1-repetition maximum (%1RM) for hypertrophy.

Practitioners should focus on increasing the number of sets rather than intensity for hypertrophy gains.

Both linear and undulating-periodized resistance training programs improve basal glycemia in older adults, with reductions of -11.1 mg·dL-1 for linear training and -5.7 mg·dL-1 for undulating-periodized training.

Practitioners can utilize either training program to help improve blood sugar levels in older adults.

The undulating-periodized resistance training program significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure by -4.5 mmHg and -4.0 mmHg, respectively.

The undulating-periodized training can be effective for lowering blood pressure in older adults.

Time restricted eating (TRE) will not be inferior to current practice (CP) in improving glycaemic control in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes.

TRE may be a viable alternative dietary strategy for improving glucose control in at-risk individuals.

The HLC diet was more effective for improving the triglyceride to HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) compared to the HLF diet.

The HLC diet may be preferred for improving lipid profiles in overweight adults.

Semaglutide add-on to metformin significantly decreases the Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) in type 2 diabetic patients, with the greatest reduction in the obesity group (-0.70).

Incorporating semaglutide with metformin may enhance fat loss in patients with type 2 diabetes, especially those with obesity.

Weight loss is associated with improvement in cardiovascular risk, menstrual cycles, ovulation, and pregnancy rate in women with obesity and PCOS.

Weight loss should be prioritized in treatment plans for women with obesity and PCOS to improve health outcomes.

Tirzepatide yields greater weight loss and broad metabolic benefits.

Clinicians may prefer tirzepatide for patients focused on weight loss and metabolic improvements.

Lean mass was largely preserved with no declines in resting metabolic rate (RMR) in the BHB group.

BHB supplementation may help maintain lean mass during caloric restriction.

Achieving ≥ 5% total weight loss (TWL) is associated with a higher risk ratio (RR) of type 2 diabetes remission (RR = 7.88).

Practitioners should encourage patients to aim for at least 5% weight loss to improve diabetes remission rates.

Achieving ≥ 5% TWL is associated with a higher RR of hypertension remission (RR = 2.23).

Encouraging weight loss of at least 5% may help patients achieve better blood pressure control.

Achieving ≥ 5% TWL leads to significant mean differences in metabolic risk factors including HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and blood pressure.

Weight loss of at least 5% can lead to significant improvements in key metabolic health indicators.

Weight reduction starting at 5% body weight confers metabolic protection, such as improved hypertension and dysglycemia.

Encouraging patients to achieve at least a 5% weight loss can improve their metabolic health.

Intermittent fasting has cardiometabolic effects in persons with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.

Healthcare providers may consider intermittent fasting as a potential dietary intervention for patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.

Semaglutide consistently produces substantial reductions in body weight and visceral fat, accompanied by improvements in blood pressure, glycemic control, inflammatory markers, and hepatic steatosis.

Practitioners can expect significant improvements in metabolic health markers with semaglutide use.

Weight loss in individuals with obesity can improve metabolic outcomes.

Practitioners should recognize that while weight loss may improve metabolic health, its effects on mortality are uncertain.

FDA-approved medications such as orlistat, phentermine/topiramate, bupropion/naltrexone, and liraglutide have significantly improved weight-loss outcomes.

Practitioners can consider these medications as effective options for weight management.

Semaglutide and tirzepatide achieve weight-loss outcomes comparable to bariatric surgery.

These medications may be considered as alternatives to surgical weight loss options.

Clinical practice guidelines have been updated to reflect the use of glucose-lowering medications for cardiometabolic, renal, and weight goals.

Healthcare providers should integrate these updated guidelines into practice.

Participants with greater weight reduction showed significantly greater improvements in cardiometabolic markers.

Encouraging weight loss may enhance cardiometabolic health in individuals.

Metabolic syndrome prevalence dropped from 21.6% at baseline to 0% by week 52.

Achieving a normal BMI may eliminate metabolic syndrome risk in individuals.

Regular physical activity can optimize glucose regulation in individuals with diabetes mellitus.

Practitioners should encourage regular physical activity for diabetes management.

Aerobic exercise programs are effective for improving aerobic capacity and have positive metabolic effects.

Encouraging aerobic exercise can significantly benefit patients' metabolic health.

Periodic fasting (PF) improves albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Implementing periodic fasting may be beneficial for managing albuminuria in patients with T2D.