Browse the evidence

Tirzepatide and semaglutide exceeded 10% total body weight loss and showed the most favorable glycaemic effects.

Tirzepatide and semaglutide may be prioritized for patients needing significant weight loss and glycaemic control.

Both TRE and CR groups showed a decrease in HbA1c levels compared to controls.

Both TRE and CR can improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Fewer participants received a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in the tirzepatide groups than in the placebo group (1.3% vs. 13.3%).

Tirzepatide significantly reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in individuals with obesity and prediabetes.

Orforglipron treatment resulted in significant improvements in waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride levels, and non-HDL cholesterol levels compared to placebo.

Orforglipron may improve several cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in obese adults.

In comparisons between intermittent fasting strategies, alternate day fasting lowered total cholesterol, triglycerides, and non-high density lipoprotein compared with time restricted eating.

Alternate day fasting may improve lipid profiles more effectively than time restricted eating.

HbA1c and fasting glucose reduced significantly in all groups.

All interventions can be effective in improving glycaemic control in T2D patients.

Tirzepatide 15 mg had the highest efficacy compared with placebo for achieving ≥15% weight loss (risk ratio 10.24, 95% CI: 6.42-16.34).

Tirzepatide 15 mg is highly effective for significant weight loss in overweight and obese patients.

Tirzepatide ranked in the top three across weight-related parameters, glycemic profile, lipid parameters, and blood pressure.

Tirzepatide may provide comprehensive metabolic benefits beyond weight loss.

CagrANDsema also reduced glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by -0.33% compared to placebo.

CagrANDsema may help improve glycemic control in obese individuals.

The SASI group had greater reductions in A1C, uric acid, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels compared to the SG group.

SASI may offer additional metabolic benefits for patients with obesity.

Participants assigned to a HLC diet experienced a significant 10.6 cm² greater decrease in mean VAT compared to those assigned to a HLF diet from baseline to 6 months.

Practitioners may consider recommending a HLC diet for greater VAT loss in overweight and obese individuals.

Among men, the HLC diet was associated with a 12.1 cm² greater loss of VAT compared to HLF at 12 months.

Men may benefit more from a HLC diet in terms of VAT reduction compared to a HLF diet.

Incorporating MRs into a weight loss intervention leads to reductions in LDL-c by -0.18 mmol/L and non-HDL-c by -0.17 mmol/L.

Meal replacements can improve lipid profiles in individuals at risk of metabolic syndrome.

Various types of physical activity enhance health and glycemic management in people with type 2 diabetes.

Practitioners should encourage a variety of physical activities to improve health and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

People with type 2 diabetes should engage in physical activity regularly and reduce sedentary time.

Encourage patients to incorporate regular physical activity and minimize sedentary behavior.

Exercise timing may maximize glucose-lowering effects.

Consider advising patients on the timing of exercise to enhance glucose management.

Various types of physical activity enhance health and glycemic management in people with type 2 diabetes.

Practitioners should encourage a variety of physical activities to improve health and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

People with type 2 diabetes should engage in physical activity regularly and reduce sedentary time.

Encourage patients to incorporate regular physical activity and minimize sedentary behavior.

Exercise timing may maximize glucose-lowering effects.

Consider advising patients on the timing of exercise to enhance glucose management.

Intentional weight loss, particularly when substantial, lowers cardiovascular disease risk among people with overweight/obesity.

Weight management strategies should be emphasized in clinical practice to reduce CVD risk.

Fewer antidiabetes medications were used in the bariatric surgery group compared to the medical/lifestyle management group.

Bariatric surgery may reduce the need for diabetes medications compared to lifestyle management.

Total ultra-processed food (UPF) intake is associated with a 46% higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) when comparing extreme quintiles of intake.

Reducing UPF consumption may lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Tirzepatide treatment was associated with greater decreases in glycated hemoglobin and body weight compared to GLP-1 RA.

Practitioners can expect tirzepatide to be more effective in managing blood sugar and weight in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Twins randomized to the vegan diet experienced a significant mean decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration of -13.9 mg/dL after 8 weeks.

Clinicians may recommend a vegan diet to lower LDL cholesterol levels in patients.