Browse the evidence

Cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic diseases are leading global causes of death and are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.

Healthcare providers should prioritize the management of these diseases due to their significant impact on mortality and morbidity.

Chronic treatment of obese insulin-resistant wild-type animals with a long-acting GIPR agonist prevented rosiglitazone-induced weight gain and hyperphagia.

GIPR agonists may be beneficial in managing weight gain and overeating in insulin-resistant conditions.

GIPR agonism enhances the insulin-sensitizing effect of the thiazolidinedione rosiglitazone.

Incorporating GIPR agonists could enhance the effectiveness of insulin-sensitizing medications.

Anaerobic exercise decreases systemic pH and increases metabolic acidosis in athletes.

Athletes should be aware that anaerobic exercise can lead to increased metabolic acidosis.

Dietary patterns intersect with psychosocial vulnerabilities linked to risks of antisocial behavior.

Understanding dietary influences can help address psychosocial issues related to antisocial behavior.

Obesity is a modern epidemic with substantial health and economic impact.

Recognize obesity as a critical public health issue requiring attention.

The intestinal microbiota may play a central role in the relationship between obesity and asthma.

Understanding microbiota's role may inform treatment strategies for asthma in obese patients.

Utilization of anti-obesity agents is rising in reproductive-age females planning for future pregnancy.

Practitioners should be aware of the increasing use of anti-obesity agents in this population.

The definitive role of assisting weight loss with medication prior to pregnancy remains to be established.

Further research is needed to clarify the role of anti-obesity medications in weight loss for women prior to pregnancy.

There is no definitive evidence of causality between ultra-processed foods and adverse health outcomes.

Practitioners should be cautious in making definitive claims about UPFs and health outcomes.

The authors propose a paradigm for guiding the formulation of UPFs and their selection by consumers.

Food designers and consumers should consider this paradigm to improve UPF choices.

The addition of 5% watermelon seed flour (WSF) to low-carbohydrate, high-protein bread enhances its volume compared to the control sample.

Incorporating 5% WSF can improve the volume of low-carb, high-protein bread.

The amino acid profile of bread with 5% WSF is higher than that of the control bread.

Using WSF can enhance the amino acid content of bread, beneficial for nutrition.

Most upper airway anatomy was significantly associated with BMI among patients with OSA.

Practitioners should consider the impact of BMI on upper airway anatomy when assessing OSA.

All pharyngeal soft tissues were larger with greater BMI, including the volumes of the tongue, soft palate, and lateral walls.

Increased soft tissue volume with higher BMI should be considered in OSA management.

Female sex, older age, and lower BMI were associated with subsequent lower muscle density in older community-dwelling adults.

Practitioners should consider sex, age, and BMI when assessing muscle density in older adults.

Lower FMD was related to increased risk of previous fracture.

Monitoring FMD may help identify individuals at higher risk for fractures.

Changes in muscle density over time might precede adverse outcomes such as falls and fractures.

Practitioners should monitor muscle density as a potential indicator of future health risks.

Patients with persistent complete concentric velopharyngeal collapse in the supine position had a mean apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) of 54.7 events/h, significantly higher than the 60 patients without such collapse in position 4, who had a mean AHI of 35.5 events/h.

Clinicians should consider the severity of velopharyngeal collapse when assessing sleep apnea treatment options.

The degree of velum and tongue base obstruction was significantly associated with sleep apnea severity in positions 2, 3, and 4 after adjusting for age, BMI, tonsil size, and tongue position.

Understanding the specific obstructions can guide targeted treatments for sleep apnea.

The study demonstrated the feasibility, safety, and usefulness of using a simple edge‐to‐edge, reusable oral appliance in drug-induced sleep endoscopy.

Oral appliances may be a viable option for patients undergoing sleep apnea evaluation.

Exploration of variation in responses to interventions can enhance understanding of generalizability of effects.

Practitioners should explore variation in responses to improve the applicability of their findings.

Polymeric biomaterials can mimic gastric bypass by blocking excessive absorption.

Practitioners may explore less invasive methods for obesity treatment using polymeric biomaterials.

Bioactive compounds influence appetite through multiple pathways.

Practitioners should consider the role of bioactive compounds in appetite regulation.