Browse the evidence

Average power output and heart rate during the two rides did not differ between carbohydrate and placebo treatments.

Both carbohydrate and placebo treatments yield similar physiological responses during cycling.

Carbohydrate availability, in the form of circulating blood glucose, does not limit high-intensity exercise of this duration.

Circulating blood glucose levels are adequate for sustaining high-intensity cycling performance.

In vivo ATPmax and P/O were unaffected by 12 months of caloric restriction.

Caloric restriction does not improve muscle mitochondrial function in healthy individuals.

The LCT genotype with 1 or 2 T allele was significantly associated with higher dairy intake and higher BMI.

Genetic factors may influence how dairy intake affects BMI.

There were no differences in overall satisfaction between the telehealth and traditional groups.

Both telehealth and traditional programs can provide similar satisfaction levels.

Postexercise protein-leucine supplementation does not significantly improve subsequent high-intensity endurance performance.

Practitioners should note that while protein-leucine supplementation aids recovery, it may not enhance performance in high-intensity endurance activities.

7.6% of meals provided more than 100% of typical daily energy requirements.

A small but notable portion of meals can lead to excessive energy intake, which is important for weight management.

Endothelial dysfunction is associated with hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

Understanding endothelial dysfunction can help in the treatment of CVD risk factors.

Dapagliflozin lowers blood glucose independent of insulin secretion and action.

Dapagliflozin can be used to manage blood glucose levels without relying on insulin.

Total daily energy expenditure was not significantly different between cyclists and controls on noncycling days.

Both endurance-trained cyclists and lean controls have similar energy expenditures on noncycling days.

Micronutrients like polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamins affect oxidative stress, endothelial function, and lipid and glucose homeostasis.

Encouraging the intake of micronutrient-rich foods may support cardiovascular health.

Various surgical treatment options for obesity and metabolic disease should be discussed with patients.

Practitioners should ensure that patients are informed about all surgical options available for their condition.

Carbohydrate ingestion does not delay the fatigue associated with low glycogen content in working muscle.

Athletes should be aware that carbohydrate intake alone may not prevent fatigue from low glycogen levels.

Exercise has diverse effects on metabolic and mitogenic signaling pathways in human skeletal muscle.

Understanding these effects can help tailor exercise programs for better metabolic outcomes.

There is specificity of intracellular signaling cascades in response to exercise.

Recognizing the specificity can enhance targeted training strategies.

The physiological role of signaling targets in exercise-mediated responses on metabolism and gene expression is discussed.

Insights into these roles can inform nutritional strategies to optimize exercise outcomes.

Prolonged, intense weight-bearing exercise can increase intestinal permeability but effects are transient.

While intense exercise can temporarily affect gut health, these effects are not long-lasting.

No other statistical differences were observed among the variations.

Practitioners should consider that while some variations are better, others may not differ significantly.

The public health focus on fructose is argued against in the context of sugar's overall effects.

Public health initiatives should consider a broader perspective on sugar consumption rather than focusing solely on fructose.

Semaglutide treatment resulted in lower rates of non-CV death, primarily due to fewer infectious deaths (HR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.51-0.98).

Reducing infectious deaths may be a significant benefit of semaglutide in this population.

Among participants who developed COVID-19, those treated with semaglutide had fewer COVID-19-related serious adverse events and deaths (HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.44-0.96).

Semaglutide may provide protective benefits against severe outcomes from COVID-19 in this population.

Limiting nutrient exposure in the duodenum exerts powerful metabolic effects.

Practitioners should consider the metabolic benefits of nutrient exposure management.

Metabolic adaptation of approximately 150 kcal/d occurs after RYGB and SG surgery.

Practitioners should consider the metabolic adaptation effect when planning post-surgery care.

Plasma high-density lipoprotein and total and high molecular weight adiponectin were increased, and triglycerides and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were reduced 1 year after RYGB or SG.

Practitioners can expect improvements in lipid profiles and inflammatory markers after RYGB or SG.