Browse the evidence

Emerging mechanisms of obesity-related vascular dysfunction include skeletal muscle inflammation and signals from the gut microbiome.

Practitioners should consider these emerging mechanisms when developing treatment strategies for obesity-related vascular issues.

Factors such as autonomic dysfunction, left atrial stretch, inflammation, and hormonal imbalances contribute to AF in obese individuals.

Understanding these factors can help in developing targeted interventions for AF in obesity.

The management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has evolved significantly with the emergence of diverse medication classes.

Healthcare professionals should be aware of the evolving medication landscape for T2D.

There are challenges to the use of GLP-1 RAs, including drug expense and availability.

Healthcare providers should be aware of the barriers to access when prescribing GLP-1 RAs.

The article provides an overview of available GLP-1 RAs, their mechanisms of action, indications, adverse reactions, and risks.

Providers can refer to this overview for practical information on GLP-1 RAs.

Naltrexone/bupropion may benefit sexual desire through mood improvement.

Practitioners might consider Naltrexone/bupropion for patients seeking improvements in sexual desire linked to mood.

DPP-4 inhibitors offer stroke prevention and cognitive advantages, particularly in patients with renal impairment.

DPP-4 inhibitors may be considered for patients at risk of stroke and cognitive decline.

The findings suggest potential neurobehavioral benefits associated with incretin-based therapies (IBTs) in a high-risk population.

These findings may guide clinicians in selecting appropriate treatments for patients at risk of AUD post-surgery.

Recent progress in glucose-responsive systems enables real-time, glucose-triggered therapeutic activation.

This technology could lead to more effective and responsive diabetes treatments.

Hemoglobin A1c decreased across all groups but remained consistently higher in NHB and H compared with NHW at 24 months.

Monitoring of Hemoglobin A1c levels should be tailored based on race and ethnicity post-surgery.

NHB participants reported higher perceived discrimination, sleep disturbance, and perceived stress than H and NHW participants at all time points.

Addressing psychosocial factors is crucial for improving surgical outcomes in NHB patients.

GLP-1RA therapy was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in nondiabetic patients with PAD (HR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.35–0.46; p < 0.001).

GLP-1RAs may help reduce overall mortality in patients with PAD who do not have diabetes.

GLP-1RA therapy was associated with a lower risk of major adverse limb events (MALE) in nondiabetic patients with PAD (HR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.17–0.28; p < 0.001).

GLP-1RAs may reduce the risk of serious limb complications in patients with PAD who do not have diabetes.

There may be a potential causal relationship between tirzepatide and vitreous hemorrhage in nondiabetic patients.

Caution is advised when prescribing tirzepatide, especially in nondiabetic patients.

GIP and GLP-1 may modify glucagon secretion, impacting cardiac substrate utilization.

Understanding the role of GIP and GLP-1 in glucagon secretion can help tailor treatments for cardiac health in T2D.

Perturbations in cardiac energy metabolism are a major contributor to diabetes-related cardiovascular disease.

Addressing cardiac energy metabolism may be crucial in managing cardiovascular disease in T2D patients.

MPDA@TZP increased the retention time of TZP in the iWAT of mice and had a more dramatic effect on weight loss and improvement in plasma lipid profiles compared to TZP alone in DIO mice.

Encapsulating tirzepatide may enhance its effectiveness for weight loss in specific adipose tissues.

Simultaneous activation of GLP-1 and GIP receptors may result in synergistic and additive effects on glycemic control.

Combining therapies that target both GLP-1 and GIP receptors may improve treatment outcomes for diabetes.

A better healthcare provision for obesity treatment will initially burden the healthcare system but is expected to lead to a reduction in the obesity epidemic and cost savings in the long term.

Practitioners should prepare for initial challenges in the healthcare system while advocating for long-term benefits.

A broad societal consensus is crucial for implementing measures to reduce obesogenic living conditions.

Practitioners should engage with community efforts to create healthier environments.

Emerging clinical trials support the potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists in reversing cancer risk.

Practitioners should stay updated on clinical trial results regarding GLP-1 agonists and cancer risk.

Endoluminal metabolic and bariatric therapy may be an appealing option for patients ineligible for or averse to bariatric surgery.

Practitioners should consider these therapies for patients who cannot or do not want to undergo traditional surgery.

Recent advancements in anti-obesity drugs allow for genotype-informed treatment options.

Practitioners can utilize genetic information to tailor obesity treatments.

Dietary supplements are generally safe, but their regulation is less stringent than for medicines.

Practitioners should ensure patients are aware of the regulatory status of dietary supplements.