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Estradiol levels were not associated with cognitive function in either sex.

Practitioners should note that estradiol does not appear to influence cognitive function in this population.

Total testosterone levels were not associated with cognitive function in women.

Practitioners should be aware that testosterone does not influence cognitive function in women with T2DM.

A better understanding of antidiabetic drugs' effects on skeletal muscle lipid metabolism is needed.

Future research should prioritize understanding how antidiabetic drugs affect lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle.

The effectiveness of nutrigenomics and lifestyle genomics interventions for weight management in clinical practice cannot yet be conclusively determined.

Practitioners should be cautious in applying nutrigenomic interventions for weight management until more conclusive evidence is available.

The compounds K2 and K5 modify CCK1 activity by preventing/hindering interactions between CCK peptides and CCK1.

Understanding how K2 and K5 interact with CCK1 can guide drug development.

Owning a dog did not result in improved glycaemic or body weight control in either T1D or T2D patients.

Physical activity from dog ownership alone may not suffice for effective diabetes management.

Low-volume exercise programs, regardless of their intensity, do not change CRP levels in women with central obesity.

Practitioners should note that low-volume exercise may not be effective for reducing inflammation in this population.

There was no association between CRP levels and other pre-intervention variables.

Practitioners should consider that other factors may not influence CRP levels in this population.

Obesogenic stimuli promote adipose tissue macrophages to recruit neutrophils from the bone marrow in mice.

Understanding neutrophil recruitment can inform strategies to manage inflammation in obesity.

Inhibiting neutrophil recruitment out of the bone marrow in obese mice or during weight loss reduces bone marrow myelopoiesis and adipose tissue inflammation.

Targeting neutrophil recruitment may help reduce inflammation during obesity management.

In humans with obesity, plasma neutrophil chemokines are increased and correlate with increased insulin resistance, but do not decrease with weight loss.

Monitoring neutrophil chemokines may provide insights into insulin resistance in obese patients.

Mean blood pressures were within normal limits.

Counseling may help maintain normal blood pressure levels.

Current dietary practices reflect thousands of years of an almost Darwinian process of natural selection.

Understanding the historical context of dietary practices can inform current dietary recommendations.

More basic and applied research is needed to identify food consumption trends.

Increased research efforts can lead to better dietary policies and health outcomes.

Nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) treatment improves glucose tolerance in high fat diet (HFD)-fed Nrf2fl/fl mice but does not improve glucose tolerance in adipocyte-specific Nrf2 knockout (ANKO) mice.

NO2-OA may be effective for improving glucose tolerance in certain populations but not in those lacking Nrf2 in adipocytes.

Adipocyte-specific deletion of Nrf2 negates the protective effects of nitro-oleic acid on glucose tolerance.

Understanding the role of Nrf2 in adipocytes can inform strategies for managing glucose tolerance in obesity.

Nitro-oleic acid treatment does not alter body weight in Nrf2fl/fl and ANKO mice on both high fat diet (HFD) and low-fat diet (LFD).

NO2-OA may not affect body weight, suggesting its effects are more focused on metabolic parameters rather than weight loss.

Obesity is defined as a body mass index of ≥30 kg/m² (≥27 kg/m² for those of Asian descent).

Practitioners should use these BMI thresholds for diagnosing obesity.

Section 1115 Demonstration Waivers are currently serving as a temporary funding mechanism for nutrition-related programs.

Understanding the temporary nature of current funding can inform program planning.

MetFlex to fat showed no correlation to MetFlex measured during the clamp.

Different methods may yield different insights into metabolic flexibility.

Approximately 83.0% of patients in both treatment groups receive TSH testing within a 1-year follow-up.

Practitioners should note that a high percentage of older adults on levothyroxine are monitored for TSH after initiating GLP-1 RAs.

TSH testing patterns did not differ between GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2is.

Clinicians can expect similar TSH monitoring practices regardless of whether patients are on GLP-1 RAs or SGLT-2is.

The mean time to TSH testing was approximately 130.5 days for both groups.

Practitioners should be aware that TSH testing occurs on average about 130 days after treatment initiation.

Increased consumption of whole grains compared to refined grains independent of weight loss had no effect on blood pressure, CRP levels, and most other risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Practitioners should note that increasing whole grain intake alone may not improve cardiovascular risk factors without weight loss.