Browse the evidence

Tirzepatide has demonstrated significant body weight reductions in individuals with obesity but not diabetes.

Tirzepatide may be beneficial for weight management in patients with obesity.

HU6 treatment for 19 weeks significantly decreased body weight by -2.86 kg compared to placebo (P = .003).

HU6 may be an effective treatment option for weight loss in patients with obesity-related HFpEF.

HU6 treatment significantly decreased total fat mass by -2.96 kg compared to placebo (P < .001).

HU6 may help reduce fat mass in patients with obesity-related HFpEF.

Recommendations for dietary guidelines should be expressed in terms of foods and not macronutrients.

Practitioners should focus on food-based dietary recommendations rather than macronutrient ratios.

Gastric band (GB) surgery achieved a median weight loss of 9.8% at 10 years compared to 5.6% in the medical group (median difference 4.2%; p = .008).

GB surgery may be a more effective option for weight loss in overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes compared to medical care.

Diabetes remission occurred in five GB participants and no medical participants (relative risk 0.76, 95% CI: 0.55-0.93, p = .048).

GB surgery may increase the likelihood of diabetes remission in overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with improved control of cardiovascular risk factors.

Encouraging adherence to the Mediterranean diet may help improve cardiovascular health in diabetic patients.

Intermittent energy restriction methodologies such as refeeds and diet breaks may improve fat loss efficiency, lean body mass retention, and attenuate metabolic adaptation to weight loss.

Practitioners may consider incorporating refeeds and diet breaks into competition preparation strategies.

The review proposes practical ways to implement intermittent energy restriction methodologies.

Practitioners can utilize the proposed methods for better implementation of IER.

Semaglutide is safe and effective for weight loss in obese, non-diabetic patients with end-stage kidney disease on haemodialysis.

Practitioners may consider semaglutide as a treatment option for weight loss in similar patient populations.

Weight-lowering approaches such as bariatric surgery and treatment with semaglutide and tirzepatide can alleviate both cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Practitioners should consider weight loss interventions as effective strategies for managing NAFLD and CVD.

A minimal amount of weight loss can resolve NAFLD in lean patients.

Even small weight loss should be encouraged in lean patients with NAFLD for potential resolution of the condition.

Obesity significantly increases the risk of both nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD).

Addressing obesity is crucial for reducing the risk of NAFLD and CVD in patients.

Exercise is a key component of lifestyle therapy for prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Practitioners should incorporate exercise into diabetes management plans.

Consumers currently taking a GLP-1 consume significantly fewer calories than the other groups surveyed, with calorie reduction while taking a GLP-1 for weight loss estimated to be around 720 to 990 calories.

Practitioners should consider that GLP-1 users may have lower caloric intake, which could influence dietary recommendations.

GLP-1 users most likely reduce consumption of processed foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, refined grains, and beef.

Dietitians may need to adjust food recommendations for patients using GLP-1 based on their reduced consumption of certain food types.

Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, demonstrated much greater weight loss than previous medications.

Practitioners may consider semaglutide as a more effective option for weight loss in obese patients.

Individuals in the Persistent+GLP-1 naive cohort achieved a mean weight reduction of 12.9% at 6-months post-index.

Practitioners can expect significant weight loss in eligible patients using tirzepatide over a 6-month period.

Moderate and balanced consumption of macronutrients associated with calorie restriction is recommended for patients with metabolic syndrome.

Practitioners should recommend a balanced diet with calorie restriction for patients with metabolic syndrome.

Diets that restrict certain macronutrients may be better for controlling weight and metabolic risk factors.

Consider advising patients on diets with specific macronutrient restrictions for better outcomes.

Exercise is a well-established measure to prevent or mitigate the adverse consequences of obesity.

Encouraging exercise can be a key strategy in obesity management.

GLP-1RA use in patients with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) is associated with a significantly lower risk of mortality (HR 0.580) compared to non-use.

Clinicians may consider GLP-1RAs for reducing mortality risk in MUHO patients.

Participants in the Kaupapa Māori fitness and exercise programme lost an estimated 5.2 kg per participant per 100 days.

Fitness programmes designed with cultural values can effectively support weight loss in Māori populations.

Statistically significant improvements were noted in blood pressure, waist and hip circumference, systolic blood pressure, and mental wellbeing.

Monitoring health metrics can provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of fitness programmes.