Research

Micronutrients & recovery

Female age-group swimmers have significantly lower iron intakes (mean 14.4mg) compared to the RDA (18mg), with 82% of females falling below the recommended level.

Female swimmers should prioritize iron-rich foods. 82% of this group was below RDA. Monitor iron status and consider dietary adjustments to support oxygen transport and performance.

ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
For female swimmers, the mean iron intake was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the RDA with 82% of females having intakes below the recommended level.
John A. Hawley et al. · British Journal of Sports Medicine · 1991

Why this rating

Self-reported dietary data compared against standard RDAs.

Source

Dietary intakes of age-group swimmers.

John A. Hawley et al. · British Journal of Sports Medicine · 1991

cross_sectional · n=20Cited 28×
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