Research
Cellular
Foot positioning during calf training affects gastrocnemius muscle thickness, with FPO leading to an 8.4% increase in medial MT and FPI leading to a 9.1% increase in lateral MT after 9 weeks.
Trainers can optimize calf training by adjusting foot positioning to target specific muscle heads.
StrongSupportsmedium confidence
After the training period, there were observed increases in MT of both medial (FPO = 8.4%, FPI = 3.8%, and FPF = 5.8%) and lateral (FPO = 5.5%, FPI = 9.1%, and FPF = 6.4%) gastrocnemius heads.
Why this rating
The study involves a controlled training program with measurable outcomes.
Source
Different Foot Positioning During Calf Training to Induce Portion-Specific Gastrocnemius Muscle Hypertrophy
João Pedro Nunes et al. · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · 2020
DOI 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003674
rct · n=22Cited 34×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
Related findings · Cellular
- Athletes aiming to reduce fat mass and preserve FFM should consume protein intakes in the range of ∼1.8-2.7 g kg(-1) d(-1).Strong
- A minimum daily protein intake of ≥1.6 g/kg is necessary to observe significant improvements in muscle mass from whey protein supplementation.Strong
- Most athletes ideally need 1.2 to 2.0 grams/kg of body weight/day of protein, preferably split across 3-4 meals.Strong
This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →