Browse the evidence

Early, frequent, and multimodal physical therapies are recommended during critical care.

Implement early and varied physical therapy interventions for patients in critical care to mitigate muscle atrophy.

Diets low in sodium and high in potassium lower blood pressure which will likely reduce stroke risk.

Practitioners should recommend diets low in sodium and high in potassium to help reduce stroke risk.

Consumption of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, folate, and fatty fish are each likely to reduce stroke risk.

Encourage the inclusion of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, folate, and fatty fish in diets to lower stroke risk.

A small dose (10 g) of whey protein with carbohydrate (21 g) can stimulate a rise in muscle protein synthesis (MPS) after resistance exercise in trained young men.

Practitioners can recommend a small dose of whey protein with carbohydrates post-exercise to enhance muscle protein synthesis.

Exercise stimulated a rise in MPS in the WHEY-EX and CHO-EX legs, which were greater than MPS in the WHEY-RE leg and the CHO-RE leg.

Resistance exercise enhances muscle protein synthesis, regardless of the post-exercise beverage consumed.

The rate of MPS in the WHEY-EX leg was greater than in the CHO-EX leg.

Whey protein is more effective than carbohydrate alone for stimulating muscle protein synthesis post-exercise.

The mean percent change in muscle growth favored eccentric compared with concentric actions (10.0% vs. 6.8%).

Eccentric training may lead to greater muscle growth compared to concentric training.

Both eccentric and concentric actions are effective in increasing muscle hypertrophy.

Incorporating both types of muscle actions can enhance hypertrophy outcomes.

Both short and long inter-set rest intervals may be useful for achieving gains in muscle hypertrophy.

Practitioners can consider both short and long rest intervals in resistance training programs for muscle hypertrophy.

Resistance exercise followed by protein feeding enhances myofibrillar protein synthesis (MPS) compared to feeding alone.

Practitioners should encourage protein intake after resistance training to maximize muscle protein synthesis.

The increase in myofibrillar fractional synthetic rate was greater following resistance exercise compared to HIIT at both time points.

Resistance exercise may be more effective than HIIT for increasing muscle protein synthesis in older men.

HIIT was the only mode of exercise to increase sarcoplasmic protein fractional synthetic rate 24 hours post-exercise.

HIIT can specifically enhance sarcoplasmic protein synthesis in older men.

Coingestion of caffeine (8 mg/kg body mass) with carbohydrate (4 g/kg body mass) results in a 66% higher rate of muscle glycogen resynthesis during a 4-hour recovery period compared to carbohydrate alone.

Trainers and athletes may enhance glycogen recovery by combining caffeine with carbohydrate intake post-exercise.

Caffeine coingestion leads to higher muscle glycogen accumulation after 4 hours of recovery compared to carbohydrate alone.

Incorporating caffeine with carbohydrate post-exercise can significantly enhance glycogen replenishment.

Daily habitual physical activity is a primary determinant of anabolic resistance in the elderly.

Encouraging regular physical activity in elderly patients can help maintain muscle health.

Anabolic resistance may be overcome by providing greater quantities of nutrition and/or exercise stimulus.

Increasing protein intake and exercise intensity may help elderly patients combat muscle loss.

Multimodal prehabilitation including high-intensity training for colorectal cancer patients is feasible, safe, and effective.

Practitioners can implement a multimodal prehabilitation program to enhance recovery in colorectal cancer patients.

Eighty-six percent of patients with prehabilitation recovered to their baseline functional capacity 4 weeks postoperatively, compared to 40% in the control group.

Prehabilitation significantly improves recovery rates in colorectal cancer patients post-surgery.

Lifestyle intervention reduced visceral fat at L2-L3 by 24.3% in men and 18.2% in women.

Implementing lifestyle changes can significantly reduce visceral fat, which may lower diabetes risk.

Reduced diabetes risk with lifestyle intervention was associated with reductions in body weight, BMI, and central body fat distribution.

Encouraging lifestyle changes can significantly lower the risk of developing diabetes.

Chronic resistance training induces increases in muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA), otherwise known as hypertrophy.

Resistance training is effective for increasing muscle size.

Increases in muscle protein synthesis were observed following an isolated bout of resistance exercise.

Resistance exercise can lead to immediate increases in muscle protein synthesis.

Participants experienced significant increases in whole-body lean mass, from 45.9 kg to 47.8 kg (p < 0.003).

BWSTT can effectively increase muscle mass in individuals with chronic incomplete SCI.

Markers of endurance training adaptation are enhanced to a greater extent when individuals undertake training sessions with low muscle glycogen content.

Training with low glycogen may enhance endurance adaptations.