Browse the evidence

Innovative approaches for nasal delivery of GLP-1 RAs show promising preclinical results.

Practitioners should consider these innovative approaches to enhance the effectiveness of GLP-1 RA delivery.

Intentional weight loss can increase health risk in the long-term due to the release of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from adipose tissue.

Practitioners should consider the potential long-term health risks associated with weight loss due to POP exposure.

Chronic exposure to low levels of POPs is a new risk factor for common metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

Awareness of POPs as a risk factor can guide health interventions and weight management strategies.

The release of POPs during weight loss may have harmful effects that are opposite to the expected benefits of losing weight.

Weight loss strategies should consider the potential negative impacts of POP release.

Calculations from oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production can provide erroneous results when several biochemical pathways are engaged.

Practitioners should be cautious when interpreting energy expenditure calculations, especially when multiple metabolic pathways are involved.

Contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, particularly integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), are contributors to weight gain and obesity in PWH.

Clinicians should consider the impact of specific ART regimens on weight management in PWH.

NAFLD should be understood as part of a systemic disease characterized by abnormal fat accumulation in tissues other than adipose tissue.

Understanding NAFLD as a systemic disease can improve patient management strategies.

There are fundamental biological principles that raise questions about the therapies for obesity.

Practitioners should be aware of the complexities and potential limitations of obesity therapies.

Muscle tissue protein synthesis and breakdown rates range between 1% and 2% across the day in vivo in humans.

Understanding the turnover rates can help in designing effective training and nutrition strategies.

Whey protein supplementation does not accelerate recovery of muscle function following eccentric exercise.

Practitioners should consider that whey protein may not be effective for recovery after eccentric exercise.

Muscle soreness, CK, and CRP showed a transient increase over time with no differences between groups.

Both whey protein and carbohydrates do not significantly affect muscle soreness or inflammation post-exercise.

Novel antidiabetic medications have demonstrated cardiovascular safety and benefits by reducing major adverse cardiac events, improving heart failure, and decreasing CVD-related mortality.

Practitioners should consider novel antidiabetic medications for patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease to improve cardiovascular outcomes.

Metformin shows CVD protective properties for DM-induced atherosclerotic and macrovascular complications.

Metformin should be considered as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes to protect against cardiovascular complications.

Insulin monotherapy for T2DM treatment increases the risk of major CV events and deaths from HF compared to metformin.

Practitioners should be cautious when prescribing insulin monotherapy for type 2 diabetes due to increased cardiovascular risks.

Blood flow restriction (BFR) without an associated exercise stimulus does not attenuate muscle size and strength losses during detraining.

BFR alone is insufficient to maintain muscle size and strength without ongoing exercise.

Both legs in the control (CON) and BFR conditions experienced significant reductions in quadriceps cross-sectional area (QCSA) and 1 repetition maximum (1RM) during the detraining period.

Detraining leads to significant losses in muscle size and strength, regardless of BFR application.

No additive effect of the multi-ingredient supplement (SUPP) was detected on vastus lateralis muscle CSA.

The effects of multi-ingredient supplements may vary by muscle group, highlighting the need for targeted approaches.

Steep weight loss postintervention was associated with increased risk of mortality.

Healthcare providers should be cautious of rapid weight loss in older patients with diabetes.

Obesity promotes the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF) through several pathways.

Understanding these pathways can help in developing targeted interventions for AF in obese patients.

GLP-1RAs and dual GLP-1/GIPRA are associated with notable reductions in fat-free mass (FFM).

Practitioners should monitor FFM loss in patients undergoing GLP-1RA and GLP-1/GIPRA therapies.

A dual/poly-GPCR agonism strategy has emerged as an alternative approach to the traditional mono-GPCR concept.

Practitioners may consider exploring dual/poly-GPCR strategies in obesity treatment.

No leucine metabolite attenuated inflammation during training.

Leucine metabolites should not be recommended for reducing inflammation in resistance training.

Drug-related adverse events (AEs) were reported by 39.0% of participants in parts 1 + 2 and 30.6% in part 3.

Practitioners should be aware of the incidence of AEs when considering BI 1820237 for treatment.

Adverse events from SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1RAs are primarily mild to moderate and tend to subside with treatment adjustment.

Practitioners should monitor for mild to moderate gastrointestinal side effects when prescribing these medications.