Browse the evidence

Changes in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers after resistance training are correlated with changes in phase angle.

Monitoring phase angle may provide insights into the effectiveness of resistance training on health markers.

Statins are usually recommended as first-line treatment for dyslipidaemia.

Clinicians should consider statins as the first option for managing dyslipidaemia.

Adverse measures of body composition in individuals of any weight can also confer increased breast cancer risk.

Practitioners should assess body composition in addition to BMI when evaluating breast cancer risk.

High-intensity interval exercise also activates satellite cells, but less than resistance exercise.

Incorporating high-intensity interval training can still benefit muscle health in older adults.

Well-trained men cannot repeatedly supercompensate muscle glycogen after glycogen-depleting exercise and 2 days of a high-carbohydrate diet.

Practitioners should note that repeated high-intensity exercise may not lead to increased glycogen stores in well-trained individuals.

Ongoing studies of prolonged energy restriction in humans are analyzing changes in aging biomarkers.

Research on calorie restriction in humans may provide insights into aging and longevity.

Japanese men had a substantially lower incidence of new coronary artery calcification (CAC) compared to US men (rate ratio=0.26, 95%CI=0.09 to 0.73).

This suggests that dietary factors, such as higher seafood consumption, may influence cardiovascular health.

Circulating n-3 PUFA levels were associated with differences in new-onset of coronary artery calcification (CAC) between middle-aged men in Japan and the USA.

This indicates that n-3 PUFA levels may play a role in cardiovascular health differences between populations.

Skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training is regulated by cyclic phases of protein synthesis and breakdown.

Understanding the regulation of protein turnover can help optimize training programs.

In vivo ATPmax and P/O were unaffected by 12 months of caloric restriction.

Caloric restriction does not improve muscle mitochondrial function in healthy individuals.

Endothelial dysfunction is associated with hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

Understanding endothelial dysfunction can help in the treatment of CVD risk factors.

Exercise has diverse effects on metabolic and mitogenic signaling pathways in human skeletal muscle.

Understanding these effects can help tailor exercise programs for better metabolic outcomes.

There is specificity of intracellular signaling cascades in response to exercise.

Recognizing the specificity can enhance targeted training strategies.

Prolonged, intense weight-bearing exercise can increase intestinal permeability but effects are transient.

While intense exercise can temporarily affect gut health, these effects are not long-lasting.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Healthcare providers should be aware of the increased cardiovascular risks in T2DM patients.

SGLT2 inhibitors reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

SGLT2 inhibitors can be considered in treatment plans to improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients.

SGLT2 inhibitors may slow the progression of chronic kidney disease in high-risk individuals with type 2 diabetes.

SGLT2 inhibitors should be considered for patients at risk of chronic kidney disease.

PLIN3 protein content is associated with 24-hour respiratory quotient (RQ) and skeletal muscle-specific ex vivo palmitate oxidation.

Higher PLIN3 levels may enhance lipid oxidation in skeletal muscle, which could inform dietary and exercise recommendations.

Treatment with brefeldin A (BFA) reduces lipid oxidation in cells from lean and T2D individuals, but not in active participants.

BFA may be a useful tool for studying lipid metabolism, but its effects vary significantly among different metabolic states.

Body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma, colorectal, hepatocellular, gallbladder, and pancreatic cancers.

Practitioners should consider BMI as a significant factor in assessing cancer risk in patients with excess adiposity.

Indices of increased central adiposity, such as waist circumference, are associated with increased risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma and colorectal cancer.

Practitioners should monitor waist circumference as a potential risk factor for certain gastrointestinal cancers.

Correlations between 3-day mean intakes for energy and six key nutrients were above 0.7 except for sodium intake.

High correlations suggest that MijnEetmeter can be a reliable tool for tracking most nutrients.

Having a normal body weight does not automatically imply preserved metabolic health.

Practitioners should assess metabolic health beyond just body weight.

There is evidence for the presence of metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUHNW) and metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotypes.

Understanding these phenotypes can guide personalized treatment approaches.