Browse the evidence

More work is needed to understand the mechanisms and full potential of antiobesity medicines in cancer.

Ongoing research is essential to fully understand the implications of antiobesity medications on cancer.

There is a need for more high-quality, large, prospective controlled research to elucidate the role of dietary structure with different fat to carbohydrate ratios across the life cycle of diabetes.

Future research should focus on dietary ratios to better inform diabetes management strategies.

In 46% of the 104 studies analyzed, there was no information on the proportion of older individuals.

Practitioners should be cautious when applying findings from studies that do not include older populations.

Older patients were mostly underrepresented in the studies analyzed.

Findings may not be generalizable to older patients due to their underrepresentation.

The analysis found no significant differences in efficacy and safety of the drugs between age groups.

Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors appear consistent across age groups.

Major complication rates did not differ significantly between AOM users and the control group.

AOMs may be safely used preoperatively without increasing complication risks.

No significant differences in readmission rates, BMI, and total weight loss were observed at 6, 12, and 18 months of follow-up between groups.

Long-term outcomes may not be significantly improved by preoperative AOM use.

46% of the 104 studies analyzed lacked information on the proportion of older individuals.

Practitioners should be aware of the lack of representation of older patients in clinical trials when prescribing these medications.

Older patients were mostly underrepresented in clinical trials for GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors.

Practitioners should consider the implications of underrepresentation when treating older patients.

No significant differences in efficacy and safety of the drugs were found between age groups.

Practitioners can consider that the efficacy and safety of these medications do not significantly vary with age.

Many individuals do not continue therapy indefinitely.

Clinicians should be aware of potential adherence issues with incretin therapy.

Acute administration of 0839 and 0833 dose-dependently reduced food intake in normal weight rats.

Both 0839 and 0833 may be effective in reducing food intake in normal weight populations.

46% of the 104 studies analyzed lacked information on the proportion of older individuals.

Practitioners should be cautious about the applicability of findings to older patients.

Older patients were mostly underrepresented in clinical trials of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors.

Clinical guidelines may need to consider the lack of data on older patients.

The 1998 overweight and obesity clinical guidelines defined overweight as a BMI of 25–29.9 kg/m2 and obesity as a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2.

Practitioners should use these definitions for assessing and managing weight status.

Up to half of patients discontinue obesity medications within 1 to 2 years due to various reasons.

Practitioners should be aware of high discontinuation rates and address barriers to adherence.

Further long-term, randomized, double-blind clinical trials are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide.

Clinicians should be aware that more research is needed before fully endorsing tirzepatide as a treatment.

Future research should prioritize mechanistic human studies, real-world cardiovascular outcomes, and equity in drug access.

Practitioners and researchers should advocate for studies that address these areas to improve understanding and access to treatments.

In 2022, over 890 million adults were living with obesity, representing 43% of adults aged 18 years and over.

Health practitioners should recognize the significant prevalence of obesity in adult populations.

Inhibiting GC does not lead to reductions in food intake or lean mass.

This indicates that GC inhibition could be a safer alternative to current treatments that suppress appetite.

No effects of protein supplementation were observed on muscle volume, muscle strength, or return to sport (RTS).

Protein supplementation may not be beneficial during early rehabilitation for muscle strain injuries.

Further studies with larger samples and long-term follow-up are needed.

Encourage ongoing research to validate and refine strength training protocols for this population.

Total protein and animal protein were not associated with all-cause, CVD, or cancer mortality.

Practitioners should note that total and animal protein intake does not impact mortality risk.

Increasing baseline blood-based biomarker levels were not associated with any cognitive composite z score.

Baseline BBM levels may not be useful for predicting cognitive function in this population.