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The 7-year cardiovascular risk was 18.0% in the bariatric surgery group and 18.9% in the no-surgery group, with a risk difference of -0.9.

Bariatric surgery may not significantly reduce cardiovascular risk in this population.

Current evidence indicates similar whole muscle hypertrophy between multi-joint (MJ) and single-joint (SJ) training.

Both MJ and SJ exercises can be effective for muscle growth.

There may be added benefit to combining SJ and MJ exercises for targeting individual aspects of a given muscle.

Combining SJ and MJ exercises may enhance muscle development.

A significant global prevalence of inadequate omega-6 and seafood omega-3 fatty acid intakes exists, particularly in less-developed regions.

Efforts should be made to improve omega-6 and omega-3 intake in less-developed areas.

Management strategies for weight regain include lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and revisional surgery.

A multidisciplinary approach incorporating these strategies is essential for effective long-term weight management.

High-intensity medical management leads to meaningful, though sometimes less substantial, weight loss and health improvements.

Practitioners should implement high-intensity medical management for patients preferring nonsurgical options.

The choice between metabolic surgery and high-intensity medical management should consider individual patient needs, health status, target weight loss, and personal preferences.

Practitioners should tailor treatment options based on individual patient circumstances.

These therapies may reduce the risk for HF hospitalizations.

Incorporating these therapies may help reduce hospital admissions for heart failure in this patient population.

Finerenone has been associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality and total worsening HF events across all BMI levels, with greater benefits observed in patients with higher BMIs.

Finerenone may be a beneficial treatment option for reducing cardiovascular risks in patients with varying BMI levels.

Oral semaglutide may provide greater attractiveness and better treatment adherence compared to subcutaneous semaglutide.

Oral semaglutide may be a preferable option for patients who prioritize ease of use.

48% of individuals exhibited exercise-related energy compensation (ExEC) with a mean of −308 ± 158 kcals/day.

Practitioners should note that a significant portion of individuals may not fully compensate for exercise energy expenditure.

GLP-1RA is underutilized due to cardiologists' unfamiliarity and hesitation.

Addressing these barriers could improve GLP-1RA utilization in clinical practice.

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty is a novel technique of endoscopic bariatric therapies that has shown safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness.

Practitioners can consider endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty as a viable option for patients who are not candidates for traditional bariatric surgery.

Multidisciplinary combined therapy enhances the long-term efficacy of bariatric surgery.

Incorporating multidisciplinary approaches can improve patient outcomes post-surgery.

Caloric reduction may exacerbate nutrient inadequacies among adults with overweight or obesity.

Practitioners should consider the potential for nutrient deficiencies when advising caloric restriction for weight loss.

After a simulated 30% caloric reduction, 25%–40% of the population had intakes below the EAR for protein, vitamin B-6, and zinc.

Practitioners should monitor specific nutrient intakes when implementing caloric reductions.

TGD patients frequently present to their endocrinologists for individualized, gender-affirming support to meet BMI cutoffs for GAS.

Endocrinologists should provide tailored support to help TGD patients achieve necessary BMI for GAS.

Multidisciplinary management considerations are offered for clinicians to assist TGD patients with obesity navigate BMI requirements to access GAS.

Clinicians should adopt a multidisciplinary approach to support TGD patients in meeting BMI requirements for GAS.

Menstrual frequency increased in all groups from baseline to 12 months.

This suggests that while HIT may not be effective, some improvement in menstrual frequency can occur over time.

Semaglutide demonstrated an SAE incidence of 8.9%, compared to 6.2% for Liraglutide.

Practitioners should be aware of the SAE incidence when prescribing these medications.

Discontinuation rates due to adverse effects were 10.3% for Semaglutide and 8.3% for Liraglutide.

Practitioners should consider these discontinuation rates when evaluating treatment options.

GLP-1a therapy was associated with a mean change in body mass index (BMI) of −0.83 kg/m2 in treated patients compared to −0.70 kg/m2 in those without GLP-1a therapy.

GLP-1a therapy may lead to modest reductions in BMI in a real-world setting.

In clinical practice, GLP-1a therapy was associated with more modest reductions in weight and HbA1c than shown in prior RCTs.

Practitioners should be aware that real-world outcomes may differ from clinical trial results.

81.5% of patients achieved excess weight loss (EWL) ≥50% and 51.1% achieved EWL ≥70% during follow-up.

Surgeons can expect a significant proportion of patients to achieve substantial weight loss post-surgery.