Browse the evidence

Both GLP-1RAs and combination therapy resulted in significant weight loss, with GLP-1RAs showing a mean weight loss of −5.2 kg at 12 months.

Practitioners can expect GLP-1RAs to aid in weight management for liver transplant recipients with diabetes.

The automated, online, behavioral obesity treatment program (Rx Weight Loss) produced a mean estimated weight loss of 3.60 kg at 3 months.

Practitioners can consider automated online programs as effective for initial weight loss.

At 12 months, weight regain was significantly less in the monthly and refresher maintenance groups compared to the newsletter control group.

Ongoing maintenance interventions are essential to prevent weight regain after initial weight loss.

The pragmatic implementation of the Rx Weight Loss program resulted in clinically significant weight loss over 2 years.

Clinicians can implement automated online obesity treatments for sustained weight management.

GLP-1s reduce body weight by 5% to 18% in trials.

Clinicians can expect significant weight loss in patients using GLP-1s.

Ten days of low energy availability (LEA) resulted in impaired performance in trained females, with reductions in muscle glycogen content and physical performance parameters.

Athletes should be cautious about using low energy availability strategies as they may impair performance.

HU6 treatment for 19 weeks significantly decreased body weight by -2.86 kg compared to placebo (P = .003).

HU6 may be an effective treatment option for weight loss in patients with obesity-related HFpEF.

HU6 treatment significantly decreased total fat mass by -2.96 kg compared to placebo (P < .001).

HU6 may help reduce fat mass in patients with obesity-related HFpEF.

Gastric band (GB) surgery achieved a median weight loss of 9.8% at 10 years compared to 5.6% in the medical group (median difference 4.2%; p = .008).

GB surgery may be a more effective option for weight loss in overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes compared to medical care.

Consumers currently taking a GLP-1 consume significantly fewer calories than the other groups surveyed, with calorie reduction while taking a GLP-1 for weight loss estimated to be around 720 to 990 calories.

Practitioners should consider that GLP-1 users may have lower caloric intake, which could influence dietary recommendations.

GLP-1 users most likely reduce consumption of processed foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, refined grains, and beef.

Dietitians may need to adjust food recommendations for patients using GLP-1 based on their reduced consumption of certain food types.

Individuals in the Persistent+GLP-1 naive cohort achieved a mean weight reduction of 12.9% at 6-months post-index.

Practitioners can expect significant weight loss in eligible patients using tirzepatide over a 6-month period.

High ultraprocessed food (UPF) intake is consistently linked to negative health outcomes.

Practitioners should be aware of the negative health implications of high UPF consumption.

Food policies that limit UPF intake are supported by evidence.

Policymakers should consider implementing regulations to reduce UPF consumption.

Weight loss can be achieved with either a healthy low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) or a healthy low-fat diet (LFD).

Both LCD and LFD can be effective for weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity.

The assessment and promotion of physical activity in clinical settings appears to be effective.

Health professionals should incorporate physical activity assessment and promotion in clinical practice.

Seventeen studies demonstrated improvements in physical activity levels as a result of the interventions.

Practitioners can expect to see improvements in patient physical activity levels with appropriate interventions.

Cumulative average total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is inversely associated with progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.91 per 100 min/week higher amount.

Increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity may help reduce the risk of chronic kidney disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity.

An increase in total MVPA from baseline to year 4 (≥63.2 min/week) is associated with a 33% lower risk of progression to CKD compared to the largest MVPA reduction (<−198.3 min/week).

Encouraging increases in physical activity can significantly lower the risk of chronic kidney disease in this population.

Increases in MVPA accumulated in bouts of both <10 min and ≥10 min are associated with a lower risk of progression to CKD.

Incorporating both short and longer physical activity bouts can be beneficial for reducing CKD risk.

Substitution of low- and no-calorie sweetened beverages (LNCSBs) for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) was associated with a reduction in body weight by 1.06 kg (95% CI, -1.71 to -0.41 kg).

Practitioners may consider recommending LNCSBs as a substitute for SSBs to aid in weight management.

Substituting LNCSBs for SSBs was associated with a reduction in body mass index (BMI) by 0.32 (95% CI, -0.58 to -0.07).

Practitioners may use BMI changes as an additional metric for assessing the effectiveness of LNCSBs in dietary interventions.

Postintervention weight change averaged -3.7 ± 9.5%, with greater weight loss in the DSE than the ILI group.

Practitioners should note that weight loss outcomes vary significantly between intervention types.

Diet is a prominent modifiable element driving weight gain and adiposity.

Practitioners should focus on dietary modifications to address obesity.