Browse the evidence

The association between fetuin-A and incident diabetes mellitus is consistent across sex, race, and cardiovascular disease status.

The findings suggest that fetuin-A could be a universal marker for diabetes risk in older adults, regardless of demographic factors.

The association between fetuin-A and diabetes risk may be attenuated in individuals aged 75 years and older.

Healthcare providers should consider age when evaluating diabetes risk associated with fetuin-A levels.

Nonagenarians had lower absolute and adjusted total energy expenditure (TEE) compared to participants aged 60-74 years, attributed to a reduction in both resting metabolic rate (RMR) and physical activity level.

Older adults may experience significant declines in energy expenditure due to reduced physical activity and metabolic rate.

73% of the reduction in TEE in nonagenarians can be attributed to a reduction in physical activity level.

Understanding the significant role of physical activity in energy expenditure can guide interventions for older adults.

Fewer than half of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus attain therapeutic goals for glycemic control.

Healthcare providers should be aware that many patients are not achieving glycemic control and may need alternative interventions.

Lifestyle interventions for type 2 diabetes are disappointing in the long term.

Practitioners may need to seek alternative strategies beyond lifestyle changes for effective diabetes management.

No significant effects of age were observed in changes in total energy expenditure (TEE), resting energy expenditure (REE), thermic effect of feeding (TEF), or body energy loss in response to underfeeding.

Practitioners can consider that age does not significantly affect energy expenditure during underfeeding in healthy men.

Older men do not appear to have any impairment of energy conservation during negative energy balance compared to young men.

Practitioners can conclude that older men maintain energy conservation during periods of underfeeding.

The normal pattern of energy conservation during undereating, combined with reduced energy dissipation during overeating, may promote body fat deposition in older men.

Practitioners should be aware that older men may be at risk for increased body fat due to energy balance patterns.

To achieve nondominance, the annual price of semaglutide would need to be reduced from $13,618 to $3,591.

This suggests that pricing strategies for semaglutide could significantly impact its adoption in clinical practice.

64% of the adult population in the United States is either overweight or obese.

Healthcare providers should be aware of the high prevalence of obesity in their patient population.

Liraglutide has some common adverse effects, although generally not serious ones.

Practitioners should be aware of potential side effects when prescribing liraglutide.

Obesity has tripled in the last 10 years, killing approximately 28 million people each year.

Health practitioners should be aware of the growing obesity epidemic and its significant mortality impact.

There was no overall pooled effect on HbA1c in favor of restricting carbohydrate.

Carbohydrate restriction may not significantly improve glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes.

The implementation of MTMs could potentially lead to net cost savings of $13.6 billion annually from a health care perspective.

Expanding coverage for MTMs could be a financially beneficial policy for healthcare systems.

The evidence for the benefits of power training on physical function and self-reported function was rated as low-certainty.

Practitioners should be aware of the limitations in the evidence when recommending power training.

Leptin-treated subjects had energy expenditures not different from the reference population after weight loss.

Leptin therapy may help maintain energy expenditure levels similar to those of healthy individuals post-weight loss.

More than 90% of the US population consumed less than the recommended 0.5 g/day of long-chain n-3 fatty acids from food sources.

Practitioners should focus on increasing fish consumption among the general population to meet recommended n-3 fatty acid intake.

A personalized diet targeting a reduction in postprandial glycemic response did not result in greater weight loss compared to a low-fat diet at 6 months.

Practitioners may consider that personalized diets based on PPGR may not provide superior weight loss outcomes compared to standard low-fat diets.

Mean changes in percent body fat ([INCREMENT]%BF), fat mass ([INCREMENT]FM), and fat-free mass ([INCREMENT]FFM) were not significantly different when comparing MF-BIA with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Both MF-BIA and DXA can be used interchangeably for assessing body composition changes in this population.

Caloric restriction does not cause increased eating disorder symptoms in overweight adults.

Practitioners can consider caloric restriction as a safe approach without increasing eating disorder symptoms.

Total energy expenditure (TEE) decreased nonsignificantly by 296 +/- 170 kcal/day.

Practitioners should note that TEE may not significantly change with moderate underfeeding.

Regular exercise increases the energetic cost of storing excess nutrients during relapse.

Regular exercise can make the body less efficient at storing excess nutrients, aiding in weight control.

Increased residual gastric content was found in 40% of patients in the semaglutide group compared to 3% in the non-semaglutide group.

The significant difference in residual gastric content suggests that semaglutide may pose a risk during surgery, warranting careful assessment.