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Bariatric surgery and endoscopic gastroplasty alter gastric emptying and incretin responses in markedly divergent manners.

Choosing between surgical options may depend on their differing impacts on gastric function.

Semaglutide differs from other GLP-1 receptor agonists by having a longer half-life and producing greater weight loss.

Semaglutide may offer advantages over other GLP-1 agonists for weight loss due to its pharmacokinetic profile.

GLP-1 receptor agonists and co-agonists were associated with a lower risk of incident atrial fibrillation among individuals with overweight or obesity.

Practitioners may consider GLP-1RAs and co-agonists as potential options for reducing atrial fibrillation risk in overweight or obese patients.

Gynecologists play a pivotal role in the multidisciplinary approach to obesity management during menopause.

Gynecologists should integrate obesity management into routine care for menopausal women.

GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and combination therapy led to a significant decrease in mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels by −3.5% at 12 months compared to DPP-4 inhibitors.

Practitioners can consider GLP-1RAs and combination therapy as effective options for managing HbA1c in liver transplant recipients with diabetes.

Dual-agonist and tri-agonist administration generally result in greater weight loss compared to GLP-1R agonists used alone.

Practitioners may consider dual- and tri-agonist therapies for enhanced weight loss in patients.

Combination therapies improve blood sugar and lipid levels compared to GLP-1R agonists alone.

Combination therapies may be beneficial for managing blood sugar and lipid levels in patients.

Emerging gut-peptide therapies further improve metabolic health outcomes for various metabolic diseases.

Practitioners should consider gut-peptide therapies for improving metabolic health in patients with metabolic diseases.

In males with type 2 diabetes, an intensive lifestyle intervention increased testosterone levels by 14% at year 1.

Practitioners should be aware of the increase in testosterone levels in males following weight loss interventions.

Changes in waist circumference due to the intensive lifestyle intervention were a significant mediator of sex hormone changes.

Practitioners should consider waist circumference changes when evaluating hormone level changes in patients.

Tirzepatide is approved for the management of type 2 diabetes.

Healthcare providers can consider tirzepatide as a treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes.

GLP-1 receptor agonists have shown early evidence of cardiovascular benefits in obese patients.

GLP-1 RAs may also be beneficial for cardiovascular health in obese patients.

Tirzepatide reduced the risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) compared with liraglutide (hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.51–0.66) and semaglutide (0.86; 0.74–0.99).

Practitioners may consider tirzepatide as a more effective option for reducing cardiovascular risks in patients with OSA and T2D.

Tirzepatide was more efficacious in younger, male patients of White ethnicity.

Treatment strategies may need to be tailored based on demographic factors for optimal outcomes.

Tirzepatide reduced incident obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared with liraglutide (0.89; 0.82–0.97) but not semaglutide (0.94; 0.86–1.02).

Tirzepatide may be beneficial in managing both diabetes and associated sleep apnea in patients.

GLP-1 agonists had a good safety profile with most adverse effects being mild.

GLP-1 agonists can be considered a safe option for weight management in obese IBD patients.

Incretin-based therapies were associated with a mean reduction in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of -14.45 events/h.

Incretin-based therapies may effectively reduce AHI in OSA patients, improving sleep quality.

Incretin-based therapies showed a greater effect on AHI compared to usual care, with a mean difference of -11.61 events/h.

Incretin-based therapies may be more effective than usual care for improving AHI in OSA patients.

Tirzepatide, a GLP-1/GIP receptor co-agonist, is approved for type 2 diabetes and shows significant reductions in glycemia and body weight compared to GLP-1R mono-agonism with semaglutide.

Tirzepatide may be a more effective treatment option for managing blood sugar and weight in patients with type 2 diabetes.

All 3 eligible maintenance doses of tirzepatide (5, 10, and 15 mg once a week) were effective in increasing total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, VLDL-C, triglyceride (TG), and waist circumference (WC) changes from baseline compared with control agents.

Tirzepatide may be considered as an effective treatment option for improving lipid profiles and waist circumference in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Only 5 mg once-weekly tirzepatide could induce significant alteration in LDL-C before sensitivity analysis.

Clinicians should note that the 5 mg dose of tirzepatide may be more effective for lowering LDL-C compared to higher doses.

Tirzepatide had superiority over placebo or other antidiabetic agents in controlling lipid and waist circumference levels.

Tirzepatide may be a preferred treatment option for improving lipid profiles and waist circumference in patients with type 2 diabetes.

GLP-1RA use in MUHO is associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke (HR 0.921) compared to non-use.

GLP-1RAs may be beneficial for reducing ischemic stroke risk in MUHO patients.

Patients with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) have a markedly lower risk of clinical events compared to those with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO).

Understanding the risk differences can guide treatment decisions for obesity management.