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Concurrent training promotes anabolic adaptive responses and increases metabolic/oxidative mRNA expression in skeletal muscle.

Incorporating concurrent training can lead to beneficial adaptations in muscle metabolism and growth.

Patients undergoing metabolic surgery have a lower risk of death compared to those who do not undergo surgery.

Metabolic surgery may improve survival rates in patients with severe obesity and a history of myocardial infarction.

Metabolic surgery is associated with a lower risk of new myocardial infarction.

Metabolic surgery may significantly reduce the risk of recurrent myocardial infarction in this patient group.

The LCD arm increased HDL and reduced triglycerides and HbA1c with no difference in total cholesterol or glucose.

A low-carbohydrate diet may improve certain metabolic markers in men with recurrent prostate cancer.

ω‐3 supplementation prevents immobilization‐induced reductions in mitochondrial content and respiration throughout the immobilization period.

Practitioners may consider recommending ω‐3 supplementation to mitigate muscle atrophy during periods of immobilization.

Only a small fraction of the population with obesity are optimally treated.

There is a need for improved strategies to treat obesity effectively.

Leptin-treated subjects had higher fat oxidation than controls after weight loss.

Leptin replacement may enhance fat oxidation in patients with congenital leptin deficiency after weight loss.

There are quantitative sex differences in the response to GLP-1 and its analogs.

Practitioners should consider sex differences when prescribing GLP-1 analogs.

Fish was the largest dietary contributor to n-3 fatty acid intake among the top 15% of consumers.

Encouraging fish consumption can significantly enhance n-3 fatty acid intake among those who are already consuming higher amounts.

Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) is an acceptable alternative for tracking changes in fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) during a combined diet and exercise program in young, athletic men.

Practitioners can use MF-BIA for monitoring body composition changes in similar populations.

Prolonged exercise training improves the acute type II muscle fibre satellite cell response following a single bout of resistance exercise in older men.

Older men can benefit from prolonged exercise training to enhance muscle repair and adaptation.

Type I muscle fibre satellite cell content increased significantly at 24 and 48 hours after a single bout of resistance exercise before the exercise training programme.

Resistance exercise can enhance type I muscle fibre satellite cell content in older adults.

Prolonged fasting increased fat oxidation after a normal mixed meal.

Practitioners may utilize prolonged fasting to enhance fat oxidation in their clients.

Alterations in metabolism, hormonal status, explosive strength, and psychological aspects of eating were observed during precontest preparation; however, all of these variables recovered quickly postcompetition.

Practitioners should note that while metabolic and hormonal changes occur during preparation, they are reversible postcompetition.

Aging and muscle disuse lead to the development of anabolic resistance and contribute to the loss of skeletal muscle mass.

Awareness of anabolic resistance is crucial for designing interventions for older adults or those with muscle disuse.

Skeletal muscle mass is determined by meal- and contraction-induced alterations of muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown.

Nutrition and exercise strategies should focus on optimizing protein synthesis and minimizing breakdown for muscle maintenance.

Caloric restriction is associated with increased dietary restraint and negative energy balance.

Caloric restriction can enhance dietary control and promote weight loss through negative energy balance.

Calorie restriction did not compromise aerobic capacity as measured by V˙O2max in healthy nonobese adults.

Calorie restriction can be safely implemented without negatively affecting aerobic fitness.

Calorie restriction led to decreases in absolute muscle strength but increases when expressed relative to body mass.

Practitioners should consider the relative strength improvements when advising on calorie restriction.

The share of prescriptions for semaglutide (Wegovy) increased to 27.7% among advanced practice practitioners (APPs) by February 2024.

Practitioners should consider the growing preference for semaglutide in obesity treatment.

Voluntary energy intake following dietary restriction increased above the initial amount required for body weight maintenance.

Practitioners should expect increased voluntary intake after periods of dietary restriction.

The study of exercise as a preventative or therapeutic treatment is increasingly interdisciplinary and impactful.

Researchers and practitioners should collaborate across disciplines to enhance exercise interventions.

Vegan diets can be health-promoting and may offer certain important advantages compared to typical Western eating patterns.

Health professionals should recognize the potential health benefits of vegan diets.

A precise and practical vegan nutrition guide for health professionals is lacking.

There is an urgent need for health professionals to have access to a vegan nutrition guide.