Browse the evidence

Two years of calorie restriction (CR) resulted in a 7.7 kg decrease in body weight in the CR group.

Calorie restriction can lead to significant weight loss over two years.

Optimal carbohydrate and protein intakes are vital for modulating training adaptation, recovery, and exercise performance.

Athletes should prioritize adequate carbohydrate and protein intake to enhance training and performance.

Current recommendations should be used as a basis for an individualized approach to nutrition for female athletes.

Coaches and nutritionists should customize nutrition plans for female athletes based on individual needs and menstrual cycle effects.

Stretch training may induce muscle hypertrophy in humans, particularly when performed with a certain degree of tensile strain.

Practitioners may consider incorporating loaded stretching into training regimens to potentially enhance muscle growth.

Stretching integrated into resistance training may enhance muscle growth.

Incorporating stretching during rest periods in resistance training may be beneficial for muscle growth.

Regular exercise promotes, maintains, and restores healthy functioning of nearly every physiological system of the human body.

Practitioners should encourage regular exercise as a key component of health maintenance.

Adequate dietary sources or supplements of specific nutrients are necessary for vegan diets.

Health professionals should ensure that vegan patients receive adequate nutrients through diet or supplements.

In the obesity cohort, maridebart cafraglutide resulted in a mean percent change in body weight from baseline to week 52 ranging from -12.3% to -16.2%, compared to -2.5% with placebo.

Maridebart cafraglutide may be an effective treatment option for weight loss in individuals with obesity.

In the obesity-diabetes cohort, maridebart cafraglutide resulted in a mean percent change in body weight from baseline to week 52 ranging from -8.4% to -12.3%, compared to -1.7% with placebo.

Maridebart cafraglutide may also be effective for weight loss in individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

DIAAS scores and available protein were higher for omnivorous versus vegetarian athletes (+11% and +43%, respectively, p < 0.05).

Athletes following an omnivorous diet may have better protein quality compared to those on a vegetarian diet.

Omnivorous participants had significantly higher lean body mass than vegetarian participants (+14%).

Omnivorous athletes may have an advantage in lean body mass compared to vegetarian athletes.

Vegetarian athletes would need to consume, on average, an additional 10 g protein daily to reach the recommended intake for protein (1.2 g/kg/d).

Vegetarian athletes should consider increasing their protein intake to meet recommended levels.

The Mediterranean Diet may be of greater interest for the management of T2DM.

Consider recommending the Mediterranean Diet as a potential strategy for managing T2DM.

The recommended dietary prescription for the Mediterranean Diet includes 40-50% carbohydrates, 15-25% proteins, and 25-35% fats.

Use these macronutrient guidelines when advising patients on the Mediterranean Diet for T2DM management.

9 weekly sets of biceps-focused resistance training (RT), performed in 1 weekly session, are sufficient to increase muscle thickness (MT).

Practitioners can recommend 9 sets of RT per week for muscle thickness gains.

18-27 weekly sets of biceps RT performed over 2 weekly sessions may confer greater strength increases compared to 9 sets.

For optimal strength gains, practitioners may consider recommending higher weekly sets.

Isometric strength increased significantly in the high-volume group only.

Practitioners should note that higher volume may be necessary for isometric strength improvements.

The ACSM supports the inclusion of physical activity in medical treatments for excess weight and adiposity.

Practitioners should incorporate physical activity into treatment plans for patients with excess weight.

For weight loss and prevention of weight gain, physical activity should be progressed to at least 150 min·wk-1 of moderate-intensity.

Encourage clients to engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity weekly for effective weight management.

Volume can be effectively autoregulated using RPE stops as a method to dictate number of sets performed.

Practitioners can use RPE to adjust training volume effectively.

Combined bench press, squat, and deadlift volumes were significantly higher with greater RPE stop reductions.

Higher volume training can be achieved by adjusting RPE stops.

The low-carbohydrate diet intervention group had a significantly greater 6-month reduction in HbA1c of -0.23% compared to the usual diet group.

A low-carbohydrate diet may be effective in reducing HbA1c levels in individuals with prediabetes or untreated diabetes.

The low-carbohydrate diet intervention group experienced a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose of -10.3 mg/dL.

Implementing a low-carbohydrate diet may help lower fasting plasma glucose levels in individuals with prediabetes or untreated diabetes.

The low-carbohydrate diet intervention group had a significant reduction in body weight of -5.9 kg.

A low-carbohydrate diet may contribute to significant weight loss in individuals with prediabetes or untreated diabetes.