Browse the evidence

Adverse events from SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1RAs are primarily mild to moderate and tend to subside with treatment adjustment.

Practitioners should monitor for mild to moderate gastrointestinal side effects when prescribing these medications.

Future research is needed to determine the ideal SGLT-2 inhibitor or GLP-1RA for weight loss management and the efficacy of combination therapies.

Practitioners should stay informed about ongoing research for optimal weight loss strategies using these medications.

Caution is advised when initiating GLP-1 agonist therapy in HIV patients taking protease inhibitors.

Healthcare providers should monitor HIV patients on protease inhibitors closely when starting GLP-1 agonists.

Amylin promotes satiation and recruits multiple central nervous system pathways to regulate food intake.

Understanding amylin's role can help in developing obesity treatments.

Cagrilintide, a stable amylin analogue, is under clinical development for obesity treatment.

Cagrilintide may offer a new approach to obesity management.

Nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) has potential for activating energy balance processes without significant side effects.

Practitioners may consider NST as a viable strategy for enhancing energy balance in obesity management.

Combination therapy of metabolic boosters and established anti-obesity compounds is a promising future approach.

Practitioners should explore combination therapies as a potential strategy for obesity treatment.

There was no significant relative change in disability benefit receipt for the ILI group compared to controls.

Intensive lifestyle interventions may not affect disability benefit receipt despite improving employment.

Whey protein supplementation did not differentially influence performance, cardiorespiratory fitness, upper and lower body strength, immune or hormonal adaptations following 6 weeks of concurrent training.

Practitioners should note that whey protein supplementation may not provide additional benefits during concurrent training.

There is a surge of interest in unimolecular peptide hormone-based polypharmacy for obesity management.

Practitioners should stay informed about developments in peptide hormone therapies for obesity.

Tirzepatide is a first in class dual glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) analog approved for the management of adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Tirzepatide can be prescribed to adults with type 2 diabetes as part of their treatment plan.

Small-molecule GLP1RAs regulate both homeostatic and hedonic feeding through parallel neural circuits.

Practitioners can consider the dual impact of small-molecule GLP1RAs on different feeding behaviors.

GLP1RAs suppress the consumption of palatable foods by reducing dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens.

Understanding this mechanism can help in developing strategies to manage palatable food consumption.

Targeted deletion of the receptor in central amygdalar neurons diminishes the anorectic efficacy of GLP1RAs for reward-driven intake.

This finding highlights the importance of specific neural receptors in the effectiveness of weight loss drugs.

Skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes patients exhibits reduced ratios of slow oxidative muscle.

Recognizing the muscle composition changes can inform rehabilitation strategies.

Reduction of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) by 7.7% in the intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) group was not correlated with improvements in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors after adjusting for weight loss.

Practitioners should note that reducing VAT alone may not lead to improved CVD risk factors without weight loss.

Changes in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) were correlated with VAT reduction (R=-0.37; p=0.03) but not after adjusting for weight loss.

While VAT reduction may initially correlate with HDL-C increase, weight loss is a more significant factor for improving HDL-C levels.

GIP(1-30)NH2 has similar effects on glucose and bone metabolism in healthy individuals as GIP(1-42).

GIP(1-30)NH2 may be considered a viable alternative to GIP(1-42) for influencing glucose and bone metabolism.

GIP(1-30)NH2 results in similar glucagonotropic and insulinotropic effects as GIP(1-42).

GIP(1-30)NH2 could be used similarly to GIP(1-42) in clinical settings for managing insulin and glucagon levels.

The 7-year cardiovascular risk was 17.4% in the surgery group with preoperative preparation and 18.8% in the no-surgery group, with a risk difference of -1.4.

Preoperative preparation combined with bariatric surgery does not significantly reduce cardiovascular risk.

The addition of a self-monitoring wearable device did not provide additional benefit for weight loss compared to the intervention workbook alone.

The use of wearable devices may not be necessary for weight loss interventions focused on eating behaviors.

The benefit of maintained fitness on cardiometabolic risk factors might be blunted by baseline insulin resistance.

Practitioners should consider baseline insulin resistance when evaluating fitness benefits.

Excessive consumption of industrial seed oils rich in linoleic acid contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction.

Reducing intake of linoleic acid-rich oils may be beneficial for mitochondrial health.

LA-induced mitochondrial perturbations are linked with gut dysbiosis.

Addressing mitochondrial health may also improve gut microbiome balance.